Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'dissolve'

English Word: dissolve

Key Russian Translations:

• растворить [rɐsˈtvɔrʲɪtʲ] - [Formal, used in scientific or chemical contexts]
• распустить [rɐˈspustʲɪtʲ] - [Formal, often for dissolving organizations or groups]
• раствориться [rɐsˈtvɔrʲɪt͡sə] - [Formal, for something disappearing or dissolving into a solution]

Frequency: Medium (commonly encountered in scientific, legal, and everyday contexts, but not as frequent as basic verbs).

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of verb conjugations and context-specific usage. For example, 'растворить' is transitive and may be more challenging for beginners, while 'раствориться' is reflexive.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

растворить: [rɐsˈtvɔrʲɪtʲ]

распустить: [rɐˈspustʲɪtʲ]

раствориться: [rɐsˈtvɔrʲɪt͡sə]

Note on растворить: The stress is on the second syllable; be careful with the 'тв' cluster, which can be tricky for English speakers due to the Russian 'р' sound.

Note on распустить: Pronounce the 'п' as a soft, aspirated sound; variations may occur in fast speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

To make something dissolve (e.g., in a liquid)

Translation(s) & Context:

• растворить - Used in chemical or everyday contexts, such as dissolving sugar in water; formal and precise.

Usage Examples:

• Вы растворите сахар в чае, чтобы он стал слаще.

  You dissolve the sugar in the tea to make it sweeter.

• Химик растворил соль в воде для эксперимента.

  The chemist dissolved the salt in water for the experiment.

• Не забудьте растворить таблетку в стакане воды перед употреблением.

  Don't forget to dissolve the tablet in a glass of water before taking it.

• В горячей воде растворить легко, но в холодной — нет.

  It dissolves easily in hot water, but not in cold.

To cause something to disappear or break up (e.g., an organization)

Translation(s) & Context:

• распустить - Typically used for formal dissolutions, like parliaments or groups; implies a deliberate action.

Usage Examples:

• Правительство решило распустить парламент из-за политического кризиса.

  The government decided to dissolve the parliament due to a political crisis.

• Компания была распущена после банкротства.

  The company was dissolved after bankruptcy.

• Суд распустил организацию за нарушения закона.

  The court dissolved the organization for legal violations.

• В некоторых странах президент может распустить собрание в экстренных ситуациях.

  In some countries, the president can dissolve the assembly in emergency situations.

To disappear or dissolve into something

Translation(s) & Context:

• раствориться - Reflexive form, used for substances or abstract concepts fading away; poetic or scientific.

Usage Examples:

• Кристаллы быстро растворились в жидкости.

  The crystals quickly dissolved in the liquid.

• Его мечты растворились в реальности повседневной жизни.

  His dreams dissolved into the reality of everyday life.

• Туман растворился под лучами солнца.

  The fog dissolved under the rays of the sun.

• В толпе он растворился, и никто не заметил его ухода.

  In the crowd, he dissolved, and no one noticed his departure.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

All key translations are verbs, which follow Russian conjugation patterns. These are imperfective verbs that can have perfective counterparts (e.g., растворить is imperfective; растворить can pair with растворить in some contexts, but primarily it's used as is).

For растворить (imperfective, transitive):

Person	Present	Past (m/f/n)	Future
Я (I)	растворю	растворил/растворила/растворило	буду растворять
Ты (You, sing. informal)	растворишь	растворил/растворила	будешь растворять
Он/Она/Оно (He/She/It)	растворит	растворил/растворила/растворило	будет растворять
Мы (We)	растворим	растворили	будем растворять
Вы (You, formal/plural)	растворите	растворили	будете растворять
Они (They)	растворят	растворили	будут растворять

Similar patterns apply to распустить and раствориться, with раствориться being reflexive (adds -ся). These verbs are regular but require attention to stem changes.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • растворить - растворять (more general form)
  • распустить - расформировать (for organizations, implying restructuring)
  • раствориться - исчезнуть (to disappear, with a more abrupt connotation)
• Antonyms:
  • собрать (to gather or assemble)
  • сформировать (to form or create)

Related Phrases:

• растворить в воде - To dissolve in water; commonly used in cooking or chemistry.
• распустить волосы - To let down one's hair; figurative for relaxing or becoming informal.
• раствориться в толпе - To blend into the crowd; implies anonymity in social settings.

Usage Notes:

'Dissolve' in English often corresponds to 'растворить' in chemical contexts, but choose 'распустить' for institutional dissolutions to match formal Russian usage. Be mindful of the reflexive form 'раствориться' for intransitive actions. In Russian, these verbs are aspect-sensitive; use imperfective for ongoing actions and perfective (e.g., растворить) for completed ones. English learners should note that context dictates word choice, with 'распустить' being more formal in legal scenarios.

Common Errors:

• Confusing 'растворить' with 'распустить': English speakers might use 'растворить' for organizational contexts, e.g., saying "растворить парламент" instead of "распустить парламент". Correct: Use 'распустить' for formal dissolutions to avoid sounding unnatural.
• Omitting reflexive particles: For 'dissolve' as in disappearing, learners often forget '-ся' in 'раствориться', e.g., saying "растворить" instead. Error example: "Кристалл растворить" (incorrect); Correct: "Кристалл растворился". This changes the meaning to transitive.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, 'распустить' can carry historical connotations, such as the dissolution of the Duma in tsarist Russia, reflecting themes of political upheaval. This adds a layer of formality and weight in discussions of governance, unlike the more neutral scientific use of 'растворить'.

Related Concepts:

• химическая реакция (chemical reaction)
• политический кризис (political crisis)
• исчезновение (disappearance)