Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'dissimilar'

English Word: dissimilar

Key Russian Translations:

• несхожий /nʲɪsˈxɔʐɨj/ - [Formal, used in academic or descriptive contexts]
• непохожий /nʲɪˈpoxəʐɨj/ - [Informal, common in everyday speech]
• различный /rəzˈlʲitɕnɨj/ - [Formal, when emphasizing differences in categories]

Frequency: Medium (This word and its translations appear regularly in Russian literature and conversation, but not as commonly as basic adjectives like "big" or "small".)

Difficulty: B1 Intermediate (For learners, understanding context and adjective agreement is key; "несхожий" and "непохожий" may require practice with IPA and declension, while "различный" is slightly easier due to its regularity.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

несхожий: /nʲɪsˈxɔʐɨj/

непохожий: /nʲɪˈpoxəʐɨj/

различный: /rəzˈlʲitɕnɨj/

Note on несхожий: The 'х' sound is a voiceless velar fricative, similar to the 'ch' in Scottish "loch"; be careful with the palatalized 'нʲ' at the beginning, which is a common challenge for English speakers.

Note on непохожий: The 'п' is unaspirated; stress on the second syllable makes it distinct from similar words.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Not similar in nature, quality, or appearance (Primary meaning)

Translation(s) & Context:

• несхожий - Used in formal writing or scientific descriptions to highlight fundamental differences, e.g., in comparisons.
• непохожий - Common in casual conversations for everyday observations, such as describing people or objects.
• различный - Applied in contexts involving categories or varieties, like in lists or classifications.

Usage Examples:

• Эти два дизайна несхожи по стилю и функциональности.

  These two designs are dissimilar in style and functionality.

• Мои вкусы в музыке непохожи на вкусы моего брата; он предпочитает классику, а я — рок.

  My tastes in music are dissimilar from my brother's; he prefers classical, while I prefer rock.

• В этом отчёте представлены различные, несхожие мнения экспертов по климатическим изменениям.

  This report presents various, dissimilar opinions from experts on climate change.

• Её характер непохож на характер её сестры; одна спокойная, а другая импульсивная.

  Her character is dissimilar from her sister's; one is calm, while the other is impulsive.

• Различные культуры имеют несхожие традиции празднования Нового года.

  Different cultures have dissimilar traditions for celebrating the New Year.

Dissimilar in degree or extent (Secondary meaning, e.g., in measurements)

Translation(s) & Context:

• различный - Often used in quantitative contexts, like statistics or comparisons of sizes.
• несхожий - Less common here, but applicable in precise scientific language.

Usage Examples:

• Температуры в этих регионах различны и несхожи из-за разницы в высоте.

  The temperatures in these regions are dissimilar due to differences in elevation.

• Эти два проекта имеют различный, непохожий бюджет, что затрудняет сравнение.

  These two projects have dissimilar budgets, making comparison difficult.

• Результаты тестов оказались различными для разных групп.

  The test results were dissimilar for different groups.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

All key translations ("несхожий", "непохожий", "различный") are adjectives, which inflect based on gender, number, and case in Russian. They follow standard adjective declension patterns, with some irregularities in soft stems.

Note: These adjectives are invariable in short form (e.g., "несхож" in predicates), but full forms as above are standard.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • разный (raznyy) - More general, often interchangeable in casual use.
  • отличный (otlichnyy) - Emphasizes distinction, with a nuance of superiority.
  • инородный (inorodnyy) - Used for fundamental differences, especially in scientific contexts.
• Antonyms:
  • похожий (pokhozhiy) - Similar in appearance or nature.
  • одинаковый (odinakovyy) - Identical or the same.
  • аналогичный (analogichnyy) - Comparable or equivalent.

Related Phrases:

• несхожие черты - Dissimilar features (Refers to physical or character traits that differ significantly.)
• непохожий на кого-либо - Unlike anyone (Used to describe uniqueness in personality or style.)
• различные аспекты - Dissimilar aspects (Common in discussions of multifaceted topics.)

Usage Notes:

In Russian, "dissimilar" translations like "несхожий" are best used when emphasizing qualitative differences, while "различный" suits categorical ones. English speakers should note that Russian adjectives must agree in gender, number, and case with the noun they modify, which has no direct equivalent in English. For informal contexts, opt for "непохожий" over "несхожий" to sound more natural. When choosing among translations, consider the register: "несхожий" is formal and precise, ideal for essays, whereas "непохожий" fits daily conversation.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "несхожий" without proper adjective agreement, e.g., saying "несхожий женщины" instead of "несхожей женщины" (for feminine noun).

  Correct: Несхожая женщина (A dissimilar woman). Explanation: Russian adjectives must inflect; this mistake often stems from treating them as invariable English adjectives.

• Error: Confusing with synonyms, e.g., using "разный" to mean completely dissimilar when it implies variety rather than opposition.

  Correct: Use "несхожий" for strong dissimilarity. Explanation: "Разный" can mean "different" in a neutral sense, leading to understatement in contexts requiring emphasis.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like "непохожий" often appear in literature and proverbs to celebrate individuality, as in the famous saying "Каждый человек непохож на другого" (Every person is dissimilar from another), reflecting a cultural emphasis on personal uniqueness amid collectivist traditions.

Related Concepts:

• аналогичный
• идентичный
• уникальный