Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'disabled'

English Word: disabled

Key Russian Translations:

• инвалид [in.vəˈlʲid] - [Formal, Noun, Used in contexts referring to a person with disabilities]
• ослабить [ɐs.ləˈbʲitʲ] - [Informal, Verb, Used in technical or metaphorical contexts to mean 'to weaken or disable']
• инвалидный [in.vəˈlʲid.nɨj] - [Formal, Adjective, Used for things related to disabilities, e.g., equipment]

Frequency: Medium - The word is commonly encountered in discussions about health, accessibility, and technology, but not in everyday casual conversation.

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate) - For "инвалид" and related forms; requires understanding of Russian noun declensions. "Ослабить" as a verb is also B1, involving basic conjugation.

Pronunciation (Russian):

инвалид: [in.vəˈlʲid]

ослабить: [ɐs.ləˈbʲitʲ]

инвалидный: [in.vəˈlʲid.nɨj]

Note on инвалид: The stress is on the second syllable; be careful with the soft 'л' sound, which can be tricky for English speakers. Variations in regional accents may soften the vowels.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Adjective/Verb, referring to a person or thing that is impaired or incapacitated (e.g., physical disability)

Translation(s) & Context:

• инвалид - Used in formal, medical, or social contexts to describe individuals with disabilities; avoid in casual speech to prevent insensitivity.
• ослабить - Applied in contexts like technology (e.g., disabling a feature) or metaphorically (e.g., weakening resolve); common in informal or professional settings.

Usage Examples:

• Он инвалид, но продолжает вести активный образ жизни.

  He is disabled but continues to lead an active life.

• Эта функция была ослаблена для повышения безопасности.

  This function was disabled to improve security.

• Инвалидный стул необходим для передвижения.

  A wheelchair (disabled chair) is necessary for mobility.

• Из-за болезни он стал инвалидом.

  Due to the illness, he became disabled.

• Система была ослаблена вирусом.

  The system was disabled by a virus.

Meaning 2: Verb, to make something inoperative (e.g., in technology or mechanics)

Translation(s) & Context:

• ослабить - Used in technical or everyday contexts, such as disabling a device; can imply temporary or permanent action.
• инвалидный - Less common here, but can describe the resulting state.

Usage Examples:

• Вы должны ослабить эту опцию в настройках.

  You should disable this option in the settings.

• Инвалидный режим активирован для тестирования.

  Disabled mode is activated for testing.

• Ослабить двигатель поможет предотвратить перегрузку.

  Disabling the engine will help prevent overload.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For "инвалид" (a masculine noun), it follows the standard first declension pattern with irregularities in some cases. It does not change for verbs like "ослабить" in its base form but conjugates as a regular verb.

For "ослабить" (verb), it is a first-conjugation verb:

"инвалидный" as an adjective follows standard adjective declension and does not have irregularities.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • инвалид - нетрудоспособный (less formal, emphasizing inability to work)
  • ослабить - выключить (specifically for electronic contexts)
• Antonyms:
  • инвалид - здоровый (healthy)
  • ослабить - усилить (to strengthen)

Related Phrases:

• Инвалидная коляска - A wheelchair; used for mobility aids in daily life.
• Ослабить доступ - To disable access; common in security contexts.
• Инвалид с детства - Disabled from childhood; refers to lifelong conditions.

Usage Notes:

"Инвалид" directly corresponds to "disabled" as a noun but is more formal and sensitive in Russian; always use with respect to avoid offense. "Ослабить" is versatile for verbs but doesn't perfectly match "disabled" in human contexts—opt for "инвалид" there. In Russian, gender and case must agree, e.g., with adjectives. Choose based on context: formal for medical discussions, informal for tech.

Common Errors:

• Mistake: Using "инвалид" too casually, e.g., saying "Он инвалид" without context, which can sound abrupt. Correct: "Он человек с инвалидностью" to be more polite and modern.
• Mistake: Incorrectly conjugating "ослабить," e.g., saying "ослабитьс" instead of "ослабить." Explanation: Russian verbs end in specific forms; always check the infinitive and practice conjugation.
• Mistake: Confusing with English, e.g., translating "disabled" as just "слабый" (weak), which is inaccurate. Correct: Use "инвалид" for disabilities and explain the difference in context.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, terms like "инвалид" are evolving due to advocacy for people with disabilities. Historically influenced by Soviet-era policies, modern usage promotes inclusivity, similar to "person with disabilities" in English, to reduce stigma.

Related Concepts:

• инклюзивность (inclusivity)
• реабилитация (rehabilitation)
• доступность (accessibility)