Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'disable'

English Word: disable

Key Russian Translations:

• отключить [ɐtklʲuˈtʃitʲ] - [Formal/Informal, Often used for devices or systems]
• выключить [vɨˈklʲuʧitʲ] - [Informal, Commonly used for turning off devices]
• лишить способности [lʲiˈʂɨtʲ spɐˈsobnɐstʲi] - [Formal, Used in context of disabling abilities or rights]

Frequency: Medium (varies by context and translation)

Difficulty: B1 (отключить, выключить); B2 (лишить способности)

Pronunciation (Russian):

отключить: [ɐtklʲuˈtʃitʲ]

Note on отключить: Stress falls on the second syllable; the "ч" sound is similar to "ch" in "church."

выключить: [vɨˈklʲuʧitʲ]

Note on выключить: Stress on the second syllable; often used colloquially for "turning off."

лишить способности: [lʲiˈʂɨtʲ spɐˈsobnɐstʲi]

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. To deactivate or turn off (a device or system)

Translation(s) & Context:

• отключить - Used for disabling systems, devices, or services (e.g., electricity, internet).
• выключить - Commonly used for turning off devices like lights or appliances.

Usage Examples:

• Пожалуйста, отключите Wi-Fi перед уходом.

  Please disable the Wi-Fi before leaving.

• Не забудь выключить компьютер после работы.

  Don’t forget to disable (turn off) the computer after work.

• Они отключили электричество из-за шторма.

  They disabled the electricity due to the storm.

2. To deprive of ability or capacity (e.g., a person or right)

Translation(s) & Context:

• лишить способности - Used in formal contexts to indicate removing capability or rights.

Usage Examples:

• Его лишили способности принимать решения.

  He was disabled from making decisions.

• Травма лишила его способности ходить.

  The injury disabled his ability to walk.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

отключить (Verb, Perfective Aspect):

Person	Singular	Plural
1st	отключу [ɐtklʲuˈtʃu]	отключим [ɐtklʲuˈtʃim]
2nd	отключишь [ɐtklʲuˈtʃɨʂ]	отключите [ɐtklʲuˈtʃitʲe]
3rd	отключит [ɐtklʲuˈtʃit]	отключат [ɐtklʲuˈtʃɐt]

Note: Imperfective form is "отключать" (to be disabling).

выключить follows a similar conjugation pattern as a perfective verb.

лишить способности is a phrase; "лишить" (to deprive) is a perfective verb with complex conjugation, often paired with genitive case nouns.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for отключить/выключить:

• деактивировать
• обесточить (for electricity)

Note: "деактивировать" is more technical, while "обесточить" is specific to power supply.

Antonyms for отключить/выключить:

• включить
• активировать

Related Phrases:

• отключить питание - "Disable the power supply" (used for cutting off electricity).
• выключить свет - "Turn off the light" (common household phrase).
• лишить прав - "Deprive of rights" (formal, legal context).

Usage Notes:

• "отключить" is more versatile and can apply to both technical and abstract contexts, while "выключить" is mostly used for physical devices like lights or gadgets.
• "лишить способности" is a formal expression and should be used in serious or legal contexts; it often requires the genitive case for the object being deprived.
• Choosing between translations depends on whether the context is technical (devices) or personal (abilities/rights).

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "выключить" for abstract concepts like disabling rights.
  Incorrect: Выключить права.
  Correct: Лишить прав.
  Explanation: "выключить" is inappropriate for non-physical contexts; use "лишить" instead.
• Error: Misusing cases with "лишить."
  Incorrect: Лишить способность (nominative).
  Correct: Лишить способности (genitive).
  Explanation: "лишить" governs the genitive case for the object being taken away.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian, the concept of "disabling" in a personal or legal sense (e.g., rights or abilities) often carries a formal or bureaucratic tone due to its frequent use in official documents or legal contexts. Using "лишить" in casual conversation might sound overly serious or harsh.

Related Concepts:

• включить (to enable/turn on)
• запретить (to prohibit)
• ограничить (to restrict)