Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Digest'

English Word: Digest

Key Russian Translation(s):

• переваривать [pʲɪrʲɪˈvarʲɪvətʲ] - [Verb, Used for physical digestion]
• усваивать [ʊsˈvaɪvətʲ] - [Verb, Used for mental absorption or understanding]
• дайджест [ˈdajdʒɛst] - [Noun, Borrowed term for a summary or compilation]

Frequency: Medium (varies by context; "дайджест" is less common)

Difficulty: B1-B2 (Intermediate; "переваривать" and "усваивать" are B1, while nuanced usage may reach B2)

Pronunciation (Russian):

переваривать: [pʲɪrʲɪˈvarʲɪvətʲ]

Note on переваривать: Stress falls on the third syllable. The "р" sound is rolled, which may be challenging for non-native speakers.

усваивать: [ʊsˈvaɪvətʲ]

Note on усваивать: Stress on the second syllable. The "у" is pronounced as a short, rounded vowel.

дайджест: [ˈdajdʒɛst]

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. To process food (physical digestion)

Translation(s) & Context:

• переваривать - Used literally for the stomach digesting food.

Usage Examples:

• Мой желудок не может переваривать тяжелую пищу.

  My stomach can't digest heavy food.

• Этот суп легко переваривается.

  This soup is easy to digest.

• После ужина нужно время, чтобы переварить еду.

  After dinner, you need time to digest the food.

2. To understand or absorb (mental digestion)

Translation(s) & Context:

• усваивать - Used metaphorically for absorbing information or ideas.
• переваривать - Occasionally used for processing thoughts, often with a negative or slow connotation.

Usage Examples:

• Студенты быстро усваивают новый материал.

  Students quickly digest (absorb) new material.

• Мне нужно время, чтобы переварить эту новость.

  I need time to digest this news.

• Он не может усвоить сложные концепции без примеров.

  He can't digest complex concepts without examples.

3. A summary or compilation (noun form)

Translation(s) & Context:

• дайджест - A borrowed term, often used in media or publishing for summaries.

Usage Examples:

• Я читаю еженедельный дайджест новостей.

  I read a weekly news digest.

• Этот журнал публикует дайджест научных статей.

  This magazine publishes a digest of scientific articles.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

переваривать (Verb, Imperfective): Regular verb of the first conjugation. Below is the present tense conjugation:

Person	Singular	Plural
1st	перевариваю	перевариваем
2nd	перевариваешь	перевариваете
3rd	переваривает	переваривают

Note: Perfective form is "переварить".

усваивать (Verb, Imperfective): Regular verb of the first conjugation. Conjugates similarly to "переваривать". Perfective form is "усвоить".

дайджест (Noun, Masculine, Inanimate): Borrowed word, follows the second declension. Example declension:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	дайджест	дайджесты
Genitive	дайджеста	дайджестов
Dative	дайджесту	дайджестам

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for переваривать (physical digestion):

• усваивать (in some contexts)

Synonyms for усваивать (mental absorption):

• осваивать (to master)
• постигать (to comprehend, more formal)

Synonyms for дайджест:

• обзор (overview)
• сводка (summary)

Antonyms: None directly applicable across all meanings.

Related Phrases:

• переваривать информацию - To process information (mentally digest).
• усваивать знания - To absorb knowledge.
• ежедневный дайджест - Daily digest (summary of news or content).

Usage Notes:

• "переваривать" is primarily used for physical digestion but can extend to mental processing with a connotation of difficulty or slowness.
• "усваивать" is more neutral and commonly used for learning or absorbing ideas; it rarely applies to physical digestion.
• "дайджест" is a modern, borrowed term and is mostly used in written or formal contexts like journalism.
• Be mindful of aspect (imperfective vs. perfective) when using verbs like "переваривать/переварить" and "усваивать/усвоить", as it affects the meaning (ongoing vs. completed action).

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "переваривать" for learning contexts where "усваивать" is more appropriate. Example: *Я перевариваю уроки* (incorrect) vs. Я усваиваю уроки (correct, "I digest/absorb lessons").
• Error: Misusing aspects, e.g., saying *Я усваивал эту книгу* (ongoing, incorrect for a completed action) instead of Я усвоил эту книгу (completed, "I digested/absorbed this book").

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, the metaphorical use of digestion for mental processes (e.g., "переваривать информацию") often implies a need for time or struggle, reflecting a cultural emphasis on thoughtful processing of information.

Related Concepts:

• понимать (to understand)
• изучать (to study)
• обзор (overview)