Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'devolution'

English Word: devolution

Key Russian Translations:

• деволюция [dʲɪvɐˈluʦɨjə] - [Formal, Political context]
• децентрализация [dʲɪtsɛntrəlʲɪˈzatsɨjə] - [Formal, Administrative context]
• передача полномочий [pʲɪrʲɪˈdat͡ɕə pɐlˈnomət͡ɕɪj] - [Formal, Legal context]

Frequency: Low (Primarily used in specialized political, academic, or administrative discussions; not common in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: C1 (Advanced level, per CEFR; requires familiarity with political terminology. For 'децентрализация', also C1; for 'передача полномочий', B2 as it's more descriptive.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

деволюция: [dʲɪvɐˈluʦɨjə]

децентрализация: [dʲɪtsɛntrəlʲɪˈzatsɨjə]

передача полномочий: [pʲɪrʲɪˈdat͡ɕə pɐlˈnomət͡ɕɪj]

Note on деволюция: The stress falls on the third syllable; be cautious with the soft 'л' sound, which is a common challenge for English speakers. Regional variations may soften the 'ц' in some dialects.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Primary meaning: The transfer of power or authority from a central government to regional or local entities.

Translation(s) & Context:

• деволюция - Used in formal political debates or academic texts discussing constitutional reforms.
• децентрализация - Applied in broader administrative contexts, such as economic policy or governance restructuring.
• передача полномочий - Employed in legal documents or everyday official language for describing power delegation.

Usage Examples:

• В Великобритании деволюция позволила Шотландии управлять своими внутренними делами.

  In the UK, devolution allowed Scotland to manage its internal affairs.

• Процесс децентрализации в России включает передачу полномочий регионам для повышения эффективности.

  The process of decentralization in Russia involves transferring powers to regions to improve efficiency.

• Передача полномочий от федерального центра к местным властям является ключевым аспектом деволюции.

  The transfer of powers from the federal center to local authorities is a key aspect of devolution.

• Без деволюции многие регионы остаются в зависимости от центрального правительства.

  Without devolution, many regions remain dependent on the central government.

• В контексте децентрализации, передача полномочий помогла решить локальные проблемы в автономных республиках.

  In the context of decentralization, transferring powers helped resolve local issues in autonomous republics.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

'Деволюция' is a feminine noun (from Latin origin) and follows standard Russian declension patterns for third-declension nouns. It is relatively regular but less common, so inflections may vary based on context.

For 'децентрализация' (also feminine), it follows similar patterns:

'Передача полномочий' is a phrase and does not inflect as a single word; 'передача' (feminine) inflects normally, while 'полномочий' (genitive plural of 'полномочие') remains fixed in this context.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: децентрализация (emphasizes administrative aspects), передача полномочий (focuses on legal transfer), федерализация (implies federal system integration)
• Antonyms: централизация (centralization, where power is concentrated at the center)

Related Phrases:

• Политическая деволюция - Political devolution; refers to the process in governmental reforms.
• Региональная децентрализация - Regional decentralization; used in discussions of local autonomy.
• Передача полномочий вниз - Transfer of powers downward; a common phrase for hierarchical delegation.

Usage Notes:

'Деволюция' directly mirrors the English term and is best used in formal, academic, or international contexts, such as EU or UK-related discussions. 'Децентрализация' is more versatile for broader administrative topics but may imply economic aspects. Choose 'передача полномочий' for legal precision, as it avoids borrowed words. Be mindful of Russian's case system when integrating these into sentences, and note that these terms are neutral in tone but carry formal connotations. Avoid using them in casual speech, as they may sound overly technical.

Common Errors:

• Error: Confusing 'деволюция' with 'эволюция' (evolution), leading to misuse in political texts. Incorrect: "Эволюция власти" (meaning "evolution of power" instead of devolution). Correct: "Деволюция власти" – This error stems from similar pronunciation; always double-check the root word for accuracy.

• Error: Incorrect inflection, e.g., using nominative 'деволюция' in genitive contexts. Incorrect: "Из-за деволюция" (should be "деволюции"). Correct: "Из-за деволюции" – Remember to apply proper case endings based on sentence structure.

Cultural Notes:

In Russia, 'деволюция' is often discussed in the context of federalism and regional autonomy, influenced by historical events like the Soviet dissolution. It carries connotations of balancing central control with ethnic or regional identities, such as in republics like Tatarstan, where demands for greater self-governance have shaped modern politics.

Related Concepts:

• федерализм
• автономия
• регионализация