Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'deviation'

English Word: deviation

Key Russian Translations:

• отклонение [ɐtklɐˈnʲenʲɪjə] - [Neutral, Formal/Informal]
• отступление [ɐtstʊˈplʲenʲɪjə] - [Often used in context of deviation from rules or norms]

Frequency: Medium

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate) for both translations

Pronunciation (Russian):

отклонение: [ɐtklɐˈnʲenʲɪjə]

Note on отклонение: Stress falls on the third syllable; the "е" is pronounced as a soft "ye" sound.

отступление: [ɐtstʊˈplʲenʲɪjə]

Note on отступление: Stress on the third syllable; ensure soft pronunciation of "л" due to "ь".

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Deviation as a departure from a standard or norm

Translation(s) & Context:

• отклонение - Commonly used in technical, statistical, or general contexts to indicate divergence (e.g., in data or behavior).
• отступление - Often implies deviation from rules, plans, or moral norms.

Usage Examples:

• Отклонение от среднего значения было незначительным.

  The deviation from the average value was insignificant.

• Его отклонение от нормы вызвало беспокойство.

  His deviation from the norm caused concern.

• Отступление от правил недопустимо в этой организации.

  Deviation from the rules is unacceptable in this organization.

• Отступление от темы обсуждения замедлило процесс.

  Deviation from the topic of discussion slowed down the process.

• Мы заметили небольшое отклонение в траектории.

  We noticed a slight deviation in the trajectory.

2. Deviation as a detour or digression (figurative)

Translation(s) & Context:

• отступление - Primarily used in a figurative sense, such as straying from a topic or plan.

Usage Examples:

• Его отступление от основной темы утомило слушателей.

  His deviation from the main topic tired the listeners.

• Позвольте мне сделать небольшое отступление в рассказе.

  Allow me to make a small deviation in the story.

• Отступление от плана было неизбежным.

  Deviation from the plan was inevitable.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

отклонение (noun, neuter gender):

отступление (noun, neuter gender): Follows similar declension patterns as "отклонение". Regular noun declension for neuter nouns ending in -ие.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for отклонение:

• уклонение
• смещение

Note: "уклонение" often implies evasion, while "смещение" is more physical or technical.

Synonyms for отступление:

• отход
• дигрессия

Antonyms:

• соответствие (conformity)
• следование (adherence)

Related Phrases:

• отклонение от нормы - deviation from the norm
• отступление от темы - deviation from the topic
• допустимое отклонение - acceptable deviation

Usage Notes:

• "отклонение" is more versatile and can be used in both literal (e.g., statistical deviation) and figurative contexts, while "отступление" is often tied to deviation from rules, plans, or topics.
• Choose "отклонение" for technical or neutral contexts and "отступление" when emphasizing a breach or digression.
• Both words are neutral in tone and can be used in formal and informal settings, though "отступление" may carry a slightly negative connotation in rule-based contexts.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "отступление" in a technical context like statistics.
  Incorrect: Отступление в данных.
  Correct: Отклонение в данных.
  Explanation: "отступление" implies a moral or planned deviation, not a measurable one.
• Error: Mispronouncing "отклонение" by stressing the wrong syllable. Stress should be on "не" ([ɐtklɐˈnʲenʲɪjə]).

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, "отступление" can sometimes carry a subtle negative connotation, especially when referring to deviation from societal norms or rules, reflecting a historical emphasis on conformity in certain contexts.

Related Concepts:

• норма (norm)
• стандарт (standard)
• уклонение (evasion)