Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'decorticate'

English Word: decorticate

Key Russian Translations:

• декортицировать [dʲɪkɐrˈtʲiʦɨrəvətʲ] - [Formal, Medical, Technical]

Frequency: Low (This term is specialized and rarely used in everyday conversation; it's primarily found in medical or scientific texts.)

Difficulty: Advanced (C1 or higher, as it involves advanced medical vocabulary and understanding of Russian verb conjugations.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

декортицировать: [dʲɪkɐrˈtʲiʦɨrəvətʲ]

Note on декортицировать: This is a borrowed word from English/Latin, so pronunciation follows Russian phonetic rules. The stress is on the fourth syllable ("tʲiʦɨ"), and the "ц" sound is a voiceless alveolar affricate, which may be challenging for beginners. Variations in regional accents (e.g., in Moscow vs. St. Petersburg) might slightly alter vowel lengths.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: To remove the outer layer or cortex, especially in a medical or biological context (e.g., surgical procedure to strip away tissue).

Translation(s) & Context:

• декортицировать - Used in formal medical discussions, such as surgery on organs like the lungs or brain; context is technical and professional, often in written reports or lectures.

Usage Examples:

• В хирургии иногда приходится декортицировать лёгкие для удаления фиброзной ткани.

  In surgery, it is sometimes necessary to decorticate the lungs to remove fibrous tissue.

• Доктор решил декортицировать мозговую кору пациента, чтобы облегчить симптомы.

  The doctor decided to decorticate the patient's cerebral cortex to alleviate symptoms.

• В лабораторных условиях учёные декортицируют семена, чтобы изучить внутреннюю структуру.

  In laboratory conditions, scientists decorticate seeds to study their internal structure.

• Процедура декортицирования кожи применяется при определённых дерматологических заболеваниях.

  The procedure of decorticating the skin is used in certain dermatological conditions.

• Хирург аккуратно декортицировал орган, избегая повреждения соседних тканей.

  The surgeon carefully decorticated the organ, avoiding damage to adjacent tissues.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Декортицировать" is a first-conjugation verb in Russian, derived from a foreign root. It follows standard patterns for Russian verbs but may have irregularities due to its borrowed nature. Below is a table outlining its key inflections:

Note: The verb is imperfective by nature, meaning it describes ongoing or repeated actions. For perfective aspects, alternatives like "декортицировать" might be used in context, but it doesn't have a direct perfective pair. Gender agreement applies in the past tense (e.g., декортицировал for masculine, декортицировала for feminine).

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • обдирать (obdirat') - More general, means to strip or peel, but less technical.
  • удалять (udalyat') - To remove, often used in medical contexts as a broader synonym with subtle differences in precision.
• Antonyms:
  • покрывать (pokryvat') - To cover or coat, opposite in the sense of adding a layer.
  • защищать (zashchishchat') - To protect, implying preservation rather than removal.

Related Phrases:

• Декортицирование лёгких - Decortication of the lungs; a common medical procedure phrase, used in surgical contexts to describe removing pleural adhesions.
• Хирургическое декортицирование - Surgical decortication; refers to the operation in a clinical setting, emphasizing the procedural aspect.
• Декортицировать кору - To decorticate the cortex; often used in neurology or botany for removing outer layers.

Usage Notes:

This Russian translation directly corresponds to the English "decorticate" in medical and scientific fields, but it's a specialized term not used in everyday language. Always pair it with appropriate context to avoid confusion— for instance, specify the object (e.g., "лёгкие" for lungs). In formal writing, prefer "декортицировать" over simpler synonyms like "удалять" for precision. Be mindful of verb aspect: Russian requires choosing between imperfective (for processes) and perfective forms, though "декортицировать" is typically imperfective. When selecting among translations, use "декортицировать" for technical accuracy and "обдирать" for more casual or non-medical descriptions.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "декортицировать" in non-medical contexts, e.g., saying "Я декортицирую яблоко" (I decorticate the apple) instead of "Я чищу яблоко" (I peel the apple).
  Correct: Reserve "декортицировать" for technical scenarios; for everyday peeling, use "очищать" or "снимать кожуру". Explanation: This misuse can sound overly formal or incorrect, as "декортицировать" implies a surgical or scientific process.
• Error: Incorrect conjugation, e.g., saying "декортицируй" instead of "декортицируешь" for second person singular.
  Correct: "Ты декортицируешь" (You decorticate). Explanation: Russian verbs must agree in person and number; beginners often mix up endings due to the word's complexity.
• Error: Omitting the object, e.g., just saying "декортицировать" without specifying what is being removed.
  Correct: Always include the direct object for clarity, like "декортицировать ткань". Explanation: In Russian, transitive verbs like this require an object to convey full meaning, unlike some English uses.

Cultural Notes:

"Декортицировать" is a term heavily influenced by Western medical practices, reflecting Russia's integration of international terminology in healthcare. It doesn't carry specific cultural connotations beyond its scientific origins, but in Russian medical education, such words highlight the historical exchange of knowledge with Europe, particularly during the Soviet era when Latin-based terms were adopted.

Related Concepts:

• удаление (udalenie) - Removal
• хирургия (khirurgiya) - Surgery
• кожура (kozura) - Peel or rind (more general biological term)
• нейрохирургия (neyrokhirurgiya) - Neurosurgery