Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Consequence'

English Word: consequence

Key Russian Translations:

• последствие [pɐˈslʲetstvʲɪjə] - [Neutral, Singular/Plural]
• результат [rʲɪzʊlʲˈtat] - [Neutral, Often used for outcomes]
• итог [ɪˈtok] - [Neutral, Often used for final results]

Frequency: High

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate) for all translations

Pronunciation (Russian):

последствие: [pɐˈslʲetstvʲɪjə]

Note on последствие: Stress falls on the second syllable. The "е" is pronounced as "ye."

результат: [rʲɪzʊlʲˈtat]

Note on результат: Stress on the last syllable. The "р" is rolled softly.

итог: [ɪˈtok]

Note on итог: Stress on the first syllable. Short and straightforward pronunciation.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Result or Effect of an Action

Translation(s) & Context:

• последствие - Often used for negative or significant effects (e.g., consequences of a decision).
• результат - Neutral, used for general outcomes or results of processes.

Usage Examples:

• Последствия аварии были катастрофическими.

  The consequences of the accident were catastrophic.

• Результат эксперимента оказался неожиданным.

  The result of the experiment was unexpected.

• Мы должны учитывать все возможные последствия.

  We must consider all possible consequences.

2. Final Outcome or Summary

Translation(s) & Context:

• итог - Used for conclusions or final results, often in summaries.
• результат - Can also apply to final outcomes in certain contexts.

Usage Examples:

• В итоге мы пришли к компромиссу.

  In the end, we reached a compromise.

• Итог встречи был положительным.

  The outcome of the meeting was positive.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

последствие (Noun, Neuter):

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	последствие	последствия
Genitive	последствия	последствий
Dative	последствию	последствиям
Accusative	последствие	последствия
Instrumental	последствием	последствиями
Prepositional	о последствии	о последствиях

результат (Noun, Masculine) & итог (Noun, Masculine): Follow standard masculine noun declension patterns. Detailed tables available upon request.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for последствие:

• следствие
• эффект

Note: "следствие" often implies a logical or investigative result, while "эффект" focuses on impact.

Antonyms for последствие:

• причина

Related Phrases:

• в результате - "as a result" (used to indicate causality or outcome)
• в итоге - "in the end" (used to summarize or conclude)
• иметь последствия - "to have consequences" (used to emphasize impact)

Usage Notes:

• "последствие" often carries a slightly negative connotation and is frequently used in formal or serious contexts, especially when discussing aftermaths or repercussions.
• "результат" is more neutral and can be used in both positive and negative contexts, often for measurable or tangible outcomes.
• "итог" is best for summaries or conclusions, often in discussions or reports, and is less common in casual speech.

Common Errors:

Error 1: Using "последствие" for neutral or positive outcomes.

Incorrect: Последствие игры было победой. (Intended: "The consequence of the game was a victory.")

Correct: Результат игры был победой. (Correct translation: "The result of the game was a victory.")

Explanation: "последствие" often implies negative or serious effects, so "результат" is more appropriate for neutral or positive outcomes.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian, discussing "последствия" (consequences) often relates to historical or societal events, such as the aftermath of political decisions or natural disasters. It is a term frequently encountered in formal discussions or news reports, reflecting a cultural emphasis on analyzing impacts and outcomes.

Related Concepts:

• причина (cause)
• эффект (effect)
• влияние (influence)