Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Congested'

English Word: Congested

Key Russian Translations:

• перегруженный [pʲɪrʲɪˈɡruʐɨnːɨj] - [Formal, Often used for traffic or systems]
• заложенный [zɐˈloʐɨnːɨj] - [Informal, Commonly used for nasal congestion]
• переполненный [pʲɪrʲɪˈpolnʲɪnːɨj] - [Neutral, Used for crowded places]

Frequency: Medium

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate) for "перегруженный" and "переполненный"; A2 (Elementary) for "заложенный"

Pronunciation (Russian):

перегруженный: [pʲɪrʲɪˈɡruʐɨnːɨj]

Note on перегруженный: Stress falls on the third syllable; the "ж" sound is a voiced fricative, similar to the 's' in 'measure'.

заложенный: [zɐˈloʐɨnːɨj]

Note on заложенный: Stress on the second syllable; the "ж" sound is consistent across contexts.

переполненный: [pʲɪrʲɪˈpolnʲɪnːɨj]

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Overloaded (e.g., traffic, systems)

Translation(s) & Context:

• перегруженный - Used for describing overloaded systems, traffic, or schedules.

Usage Examples:

• Дорога перегружена из-за аварии.

  The road is congested due to an accident.

• Сеть перегружена, интернет не работает.

  The network is congested; the internet isn’t working.

• Мой график перегружен встречами.

  My schedule is congested with meetings.

2. Blocked (e.g., nasal congestion)

Translation(s) & Context:

• заложенный - Refers to physical blockage, especially of the nose due to a cold.

Usage Examples:

• У меня нос заложен, я не могу дышать.

  My nose is congested; I can’t breathe.

• После простуды уши тоже заложены.

  After the cold, my ears are congested too.

3. Crowded (e.g., places, spaces)

Translation(s) & Context:

• переполненный - Used for overcrowded spaces or places with too many people.

Usage Examples:

• Автобус переполнен, нет свободных мест.

  The bus is congested; there are no free seats.

• Зал был переполнен зрителями.

  The hall was congested with spectators.

• Город переполнен туристами летом.

  The city is congested with tourists in summer.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

All three translations are adjectives and follow standard Russian declension patterns based on gender, number, and case.

перегруженный (Overloaded): Masculine form shown; declines as a regular adjective.

Note: Similar declension patterns apply to "заложенный" and "переполненный."

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for "перегруженный":

• загруженный
• перегруженный работой (specific to workload)

Note: "загруженный" is often less intense than "перегруженный."

Antonyms for "перегруженный":

• свободный
• разгруженный

Related Phrases:

• перегруженный трафик - Congested traffic.
• заложенный нос - Congested nose (blocked due to a cold).
• переполненный зал - Congested hall (full of people).

Usage Notes:

• The choice between "перегруженный," "заложенный," and "переполненный" depends heavily on context. Use "перегруженный" for abstract or technical overloads like traffic or systems, "заложенный" for physical blockages like nasal congestion, and "переполненный" for overcrowding in spaces.
• These adjectives must agree in gender, number, and case with the noun they modify, which is a key grammatical rule in Russian.

Common Errors:

Error 1: Using "перегруженный" for nasal congestion.

Incorrect: У меня нос перегружен. (My nose is overloaded.)

Correct: У меня нос заложен. (My nose is congested.)

Explanation: "Перегруженный" is not used for physical blockages like nasal congestion; it implies an overload of capacity, not a physical obstruction.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian, discussing "заложенный нос" (congested nose) is common during cold seasons, and Russians often share folk remedies for clearing congestion, reflecting a cultural focus on home treatments for minor ailments.

Related Concepts:

• пробка (traffic jam)
• толпа (crowd)
• простуда (cold, illness causing congestion)