Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'complication'

English Word: complication

Key Russian Translations:

• осложнение [ɐslɐʐnʲɪˈje] - [Formal, Medical context]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in medical, technical, and everyday discussions of problems or complexities)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of noun declensions and contextual usage, suitable for learners with a solid grasp of basic Russian grammar)

Pronunciation (Russian):

осложнение: [ɐslɐʐnʲɪˈje]

Note on осложнение: The stress falls on the fourth syllable ("nʲɪˈje"), which can be tricky for English speakers due to the soft 'н' sound. Pronunciation may vary slightly in fast speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: A medical or health-related issue that arises as a secondary problem (e.g., in disease or treatment)

Translation(s) & Context:

• осложнение - Used in formal medical contexts, such as describing side effects or worsening conditions in hospitals or health discussions.

Usage Examples:

• Врач предупредил о возможном осложнении после операции.

  The doctor warned about a possible complication after the surgery.

• Это осложнение может привести к серьёзным проблемам со здоровьем.

  This complication can lead to serious health problems.

• Пациент был госпитализирован из-за внезапного осложнения.

  The patient was hospitalized due to a sudden complication.

• Лечение инфекции иногда вызывает дополнительные осложнения.

  Treating the infection sometimes causes additional complications.

Meaning 2: A general complexity or difficulty in a situation, process, or plan

Translation(s) & Context:

• осложнение - Used in informal or professional contexts to describe added difficulties, such as in business, travel, or daily life.

Usage Examples:

• Путешествие стало настоящим осложнением из-за плохой погоды.

  The trip turned into a real complication because of the bad weather.

• Это решение внесло новые осложнения в проект.

  This decision introduced new complications into the project.

• Бюрократические осложнения задержали процесс оформления документов.

  Bureaucratic complications delayed the document processing.

• Неожиданное осложнение в плане вынудило нас изменить график.

  An unexpected complication in the plan forced us to change the schedule.

• Финансовые осложнения часто возникают в стартапах.

  Financial complications often arise in startups.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Осложнение is a neuter noun in Russian, following the standard third declension pattern for nouns ending in -ение. It is inflected based on case and number. Below is a table showing its key inflections:

Note: This word does not have irregular inflections, making it relatively straightforward for learners, but always pay attention to the soft ending in certain cases.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • проблема (problema) - More general term for any issue; often used interchangeably in non-medical contexts.
  • трудность (trudnost') - Emphasizes difficulty rather than a secondary complication.
• Antonyms:
  • простота (prostota) - Simplicity, the opposite in terms of ease or lack of issues.
  • лёгкость (lʲɵgkost') - Ease, highlighting the absence of complications.

Related Phrases:

• Сердечное осложнение - A heart-related complication; used in medical contexts to describe cardiac issues.
• Бюрократическое осложнение - Bureaucratic complication; common in discussions about administrative hurdles.
• Неожиданное осложнение - Unexpected complication; highlights surprises in planning or events.

Usage Notes:

Осложнение directly corresponds to "complication" in English but is most precise in formal or technical settings. In everyday Russian, it may imply a negative secondary effect, so use it cautiously in casual conversations where a simpler word like "проблема" might suffice. Always consider the grammatical case based on sentence structure; for example, in genitive case (осложнения), it shows possession or relation. When choosing among translations, opt for осложнение in medical or scientific contexts for accuracy, as it carries a neutral, professional tone.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using the word in the wrong case, e.g., saying "из-за осложнение" instead of "из-за осложнения" (genitive case required after "из-за").

  Correct: из-за осложнения. Explanation: Prepositions like "из-за" require the genitive case, which English speakers often overlook, leading to grammatical errors.

• Error: Confusing it with similar words like "осложнять" (to complicate), treating it as a verb.

  Correct: Use осложнение as a noun only. For the verb form, say "осложнять ситуацию" (to complicate the situation). Explanation: This mix-up can alter the sentence meaning entirely.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and healthcare, terms like осложнение are frequently used in medical discussions due to the emphasis on preventive care in the Russian healthcare system. Historically, with influences from Soviet-era medicine, such words often appear in public health campaigns, reflecting a cultural focus on addressing complications proactively to avoid broader societal impacts.

Related Concepts:

• инфекция (infektsiya)
• симптом (simptom)
• диагноз (diagnos)