Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'compendious'

English Word: compendious

Key Russian Translations:

• Краткий [krátkij] - [Formal, used in written or academic contexts]
• Сжатый [sžátyj] - [Formal, often for condensed texts or summaries]

Frequency: Medium (Common in academic, literary, and professional contexts, but not everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of adjective inflections and formal language structures)

Pronunciation (Russian):

Краткий: [krátkij]

Сжатый: [sžátyj]

Note on Краткий: The stress is on the first syllable; be careful with the soft 't' sound, which can be tricky for English speakers.

Note on Сжатый: The 'ж' sound is a voiced palatal fricative, similar to 's' in 'measure'; practice with native audio for accuracy.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning: Concise and comprehensive, often describing something that is brief yet thorough, like a summary or overview.

Translation(s) & Context:

• Краткий - Used in formal writing, such as book reviews or academic papers, to describe something succinct and informative.
• Сжатый - Applied in contexts involving compression of information, like abstracts or reports, emphasizing brevity without loss of key details.

Usage Examples:

• Эта книга представляет собой краткий обзор истории России.

  This book is a compendious overview of Russian history.

• В его речи был сжатый анализ текущих экономических проблем.

  In his speech, there was a compendious analysis of current economic issues.

• Краткий словарь терминов помог студентам быстро понять сложные концепции.

  The compendious dictionary of terms helped students quickly grasp complex concepts.

• Сжатый отчёт о проекте был представлен на встрече.

  The compendious report on the project was presented at the meeting.

• Эта энциклопедия краткая, но охватывает все основные темы.

  This encyclopedia is compendious but covers all the main topics.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both "Краткий" and "Сжатый" are adjectives in Russian, which inflect based on gender, number, and case. Russian adjectives agree with the nouns they modify and follow regular patterns for most forms.

For "Краткий" (meaning "compendious" or "brief"):

For "Сжатый", it follows a similar pattern as a regular adjective:

These adjectives do not have irregular forms, making them straightforward for learners at B2 level.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Сжатый (sžátyj) - Similar to "compendious" but emphasizes compression more.
  • Короткий (korótkiy) - Means "short" and can be used interchangeably in some contexts, but less comprehensive.
• Antonyms:
  • Подробный (podróbyj) - Detailed and exhaustive, opposite in brevity.
  • Обширный (obšírnyj) - Extensive, covering a lot of ground without conciseness.

Related Phrases:

• Краткий обзор (kratkiy obzor) - A compendious overview; used for summaries of books or events.
• Сжатый вариант (sžatyj variant) - A compendious version; refers to a shortened but complete form of something.
• Краткий пересказ (kratkiy pereskaz) - A compendious retelling; common in educational contexts for story summaries.

Usage Notes:

"Compendious" translates most accurately to "краткий" in Russian when emphasizing both brevity and completeness, making it ideal for academic or professional settings. Choose "сжатый" if the focus is on compressing information without losing essence. Be mindful of adjective agreement with nouns in gender, number, and case. In informal speech, Russians might prefer simpler words like "короткий," so reserve these for formal writing. When translating, ensure the context matches; for example, in literature, "краткий" often describes summaries in Russian classics.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "краткий" without proper inflection, e.g., saying "краткий женщина" instead of "краткая женщина" (for a feminine noun).

  Correct: Краткая женщина (A compendious woman). Explanation: Adjectives must agree in gender; this mistake stems from English's lack of gender agreement.

• Error: Confusing "краткий" with "короткий," leading to misuse in contexts requiring comprehensiveness, e.g., "короткий обзор" when "краткий обзор" is needed.

  Correct: Use "краткий" for something that is brief yet thorough. Explanation: "Короткий" means merely "short," which might imply incompleteness.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like "краткий" are prevalent in literature and education, reflecting a tradition of concise yet profound expressions, as seen in works by authors like Tolstoy, who often used summaries in prefaces. This aligns with Russia's emphasis on intellectual depth without unnecessary verbosity, influencing modern academic writing.

Related Concepts:

• Сводка (svodka) - Summary
• Реферат (referát) - Abstract or report
• Краткость (kratkost') - Brevity