Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'concave'

English Word: concave

Key Russian Translations:

• вогнутый (vɐɡˈnutɨj) - [Formal, used in mathematical, geometric, or technical contexts]

Frequency: Low (This word and its translations are not commonly used in everyday conversation but appear in specialized fields like mathematics or physics.)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate, as it involves understanding geometric terminology and basic adjective inflections in Russian, suitable for learners with a solid grasp of vocabulary and grammar.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

вогнутый: vɐɡˈnutɨj

Note on вогнутый: The stress falls on the second syllable ("nut"), and the initial "в" is pronounced as a voiced labiodental fricative. Be cautious with the vowel sounds, as Russian vowels can vary slightly by speaker accent.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Having a surface or boundary that curves or bends inward, often in geometric or physical contexts.

Translation(s) & Context:

• вогнутый - Used in formal or technical descriptions, such as in mathematics or optics, to describe shapes like lenses or mirrors.

Usage Examples:

• Русский пример: В геометрии вогнутый угол образуется, когда две линии сходятся внутрь. (In geometry, a concave angle is formed when two lines converge inward.)

  English Translation: In geometry, a concave angle is formed when two lines converge inward.

• Русский пример: Эта вогнутая линза используется в телескопах для фокусировки света. (This concave lens is used in telescopes to focus light.)

  English Translation: This concave lens is used in telescopes to focus light.

• Русский пример: Вогнутый дизайн зеркала делает его идеальным для увеличения отражения. (The concave design of the mirror makes it ideal for magnifying reflections.)

  English Translation: The concave design of the mirror makes it ideal for magnifying reflections.

• Русский пример: Архитектор использовал вогнутые формы в фасаде здания для создания динамичного эффекта. (The architect used concave shapes in the building's facade to create a dynamic effect.)

  English Translation: The architect used concave shapes in the building's facade to create a dynamic effect.

• Русский пример: Вогнутый профиль лезвия ножа улучшает его резкость. (The concave profile of the knife blade improves its sharpness.)

  English Translation: The concave profile of the knife blade improves its sharpness.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

The primary translation, "вогнутый", is an adjective in Russian. Russian adjectives agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify. It follows the standard first-declension pattern for adjectives, with regular inflections. Below is a table outlining its key forms:

Note: This adjective does not have irregular forms, making it relatively straightforward for learners.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • впалый (vpahlyj) - Often used for sunken or hollow shapes, with a connotation of depression or indentation in physical objects.
  • вогнутой формы (vɐɡˈnutɨj formy) - A phrase meaning "of concave shape," used in descriptive contexts.
• Antonyms:
  • выпуклый (vɨˈpuklɨj) - Directly opposite, meaning convex or bulging outward.

Related Phrases:

• Вогнутая линза (vɐɡˈnutaja lɨnza) - Concave lens; commonly used in optics to diverge light rays.
• Вогнутый зеркальный отражатель (vɐɡˈnutɨj zerkalnyj otracatel') - Concave mirror reflector; refers to devices in telescopes or headlights for focusing light.
• Вогнутая кривая (vɐɡˈnutaja krivaja) - Concave curve; a term from mathematics describing downward-bending graphs.

Usage Notes:

"Вогнутый" directly corresponds to "concave" in English, particularly in technical or scientific contexts, but it is less common in casual speech. Always ensure the adjective agrees with the noun it modifies in gender, number, and case. For example, use "вогнутая" for feminine nouns. When choosing between translations, "вогнутый" is preferred in formal settings, while phrases like "впалый" might be used for more everyday or descriptive purposes. Be mindful of context: in Russian, geometric terms often appear in educational or professional discussions.

Common Errors:

• Ошибка: Использование "выпуклый" вместо "вогнутый" (Error: Using "выпуклый" instead of "вогнутый"). Learners often confuse concave with convex. Correct usage: Say "Эта форма вогнутая" (This shape is concave) instead of "Эта форма выпуклая." Explanation: "Выпуклый" means the opposite, so this mistake reverses the meaning entirely.

• Ошибка: Неправильное согласование по роду и числу (Error: Incorrect agreement in gender and number). For example, saying "вогнутый книга" instead of "вогнутая книга" (for a feminine noun like "книга" meaning book). Correct: "Вогнутая книга" (The concave book). Explanation: Russian adjectives must match their nouns, so always check the noun's properties before inflecting.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and education, terms like "вогнутый" are heavily emphasized in STEM fields due to Russia's strong tradition in mathematics and physics. For instance, they appear in classic Russian textbooks or in discussions of inventors like Mikhail Lomonosov, who contributed to optical sciences. This word doesn't carry specific cultural idioms but reflects the precision valued in Russian scientific language.

Related Concepts:

• выпуклый (convex)
• плоский (flat)
• кривая (curve)
• линза (lens)