Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'cloying'

English Word: cloying

Key Russian Translations:

• приторный [prʲɪˈtornɨj] - [Adjective, Neutral; Used in descriptive contexts for something excessively sweet or sentimental]

Frequency: Medium (Common in literary, culinary, and everyday descriptive language, but not as frequent as basic adjectives like "сладкий").

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; Requires understanding of nuanced adjectives and their negative connotations, per CEFR standards).

Pronunciation (Russian):

приторный: [prʲɪˈtornɨj]

Note on приторный: The stress is on the second syllable ("tor"), and the "ы" sound is a subtle, centralized vowel common in Russian. Pay attention to the soft sign (ʲ) which palatalizes the preceding consonant.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Overly sweet in taste, manner, or sentiment, often to the point of being unpleasant or excessive.

Translation(s) & Context:

• приторный - Used in contexts describing food, emotions, or experiences that are overwhelmingly sweet or cloying, such as in culinary critiques or emotional descriptions.

Usage Examples:

• Этот торт приторный, он слишком сладкий для меня. (This cake is cloying; it's too sweet for me.)

  This cake is cloying; it's too sweet for me.

• Её улыбка была приторной, как будто она скрывала что-то. (Her smile was cloying, as if she were hiding something.)

  Her smile was cloying, as if she were hiding something.

• Приторный аромат цветов заполнил комнату, вызывая тошноту. (The cloying scent of flowers filled the room, causing nausea.)

  The cloying scent of flowers filled the room, causing nausea.

• В фильме приторная романтика быстро наскучила зрителям. (The cloying romance in the film quickly bored the audience.)

  The cloying romance in the film quickly bored the audience.

• Приторный сироп в напитке испортил весь вкус. (The cloying syrup in the drink ruined the entire flavor.)

  The cloying syrup in the drink ruined the entire flavor.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Приторный" is an adjective in Russian and follows standard adjectival inflection patterns. It changes based on gender, number, and case. Below is a table outlining its key forms:

Note: This adjective is regular and follows the standard pattern for hard-stem adjectives in Russian. It does not have irregular forms.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • сладковатый (sladkovatiy) - Mildly sweet, but less intense; used for something slightly cloying without the strong negative connotation.
  • медовый (medoviy) - Honey-like, often implying a sticky sweetness; applicable in poetic contexts.
• Antonyms:
  • несладкий (nesladkiy) - Not sweet; directly opposite in taste.
  • кислый (kisluiy) - Sour; contrasts with sweetness entirely.

Related Phrases:

• приторный вкус (pritórnyy vkus) - Cloying taste; Refers to an overly sweet flavor in food or drinks.
• приторная сентиментальность (pritórnaya sentimental'nost') - Cloying sentimentality; Used to describe excessive emotional displays in literature or media.
• приторный аромат (pritórnyy aromat) - Cloying aroma; Common in descriptions of perfumes or flowers that are overwhelmingly fragrant.

Usage Notes:

"Приторный" is a precise translation for "cloying" when emphasizing something that is excessively sweet or sentimental to the point of discomfort. It is typically used in neutral to formal contexts, such as in writing, critiques, or conversations about food and emotions. Unlike the more neutral "сладкий" (sweet), "приторный" carries a negative undertone, so choose it when the English word implies annoyance. Be mindful of gender and case agreements in sentences, as Russian adjectives must match their nouns.

• In culinary contexts, it's ideal for describing desserts or flavors.
• For emotional scenarios, it highlights insincere or overwhelming affection.

Common Errors:

English learners often confuse "приторный" with "сладкий," thinking they are synonyms. For example:

• Error: Using "сладкий" to mean "cloying," e.g., "Этот торт сладкий" when intending to convey annoyance.
• Correct Usage: "Этот торт приторный" – This specifies the negative excess, whereas "сладкий" just means sweet without the connotation.
• Explanation: The mistake arises from direct translation without considering nuance; always assess the context to choose the right word, as "приторный" implies a threshold of unpleasantness.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, "приторный" often appears in literary works, such as in the novels of Tolstoy or Chekhov, to critique overly sentimental or artificial expressions. It reflects a cultural value for authenticity and restraint in emotions, where excessive sweetness can be seen as insincere, especially in post-Soviet contexts where simplicity in language and life is prized.

Related Concepts:

• сладость (sladost') - Sweetness
• надоедливость (nadoedlivost') - Clinginess or annoyance
• аромат (aromat) - Aroma or scent