Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'climacteric'

English Word: climacteric

Key Russian Translations:

• климакс [ˈklʲimaks] - [Formal, Medical context]
• климактерический период [klʲimakˈtʲerʲɪt͡ɕɪskʲɪj pʲɪrʲˈiːod] - [Formal, Descriptive usage]

Frequency: Medium (Common in medical and scientific discussions but less frequent in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires familiarity with medical terminology, as it involves borrowed words and specific contexts)

Pronunciation (Russian):

климакс: [ˈklʲimaks]

климактерический период: [klʲimakˈtʲerʲɪt͡ɕɪskʲɪj pʲɪrʲˈiːod]

Note on климакс: The stress is on the first syllable, and the 'к' is pronounced as a hard 'k'. Be mindful of the palatalized 'л' sound, which can be challenging for non-native speakers.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: The period of menopause in women, often referring to a critical biological transition.

Translation(s) & Context:

• климакс – Used in formal medical contexts to describe the physiological changes during menopause.
• климактерический период – Employed in more detailed or academic discussions, emphasizing the duration and symptoms of this phase.

Usage Examples:

• Женщина может испытывать симптомы климакса, такие как приливы жара и бессонница.

  A woman may experience symptoms of climacteric, such as hot flashes and insomnia.

• Врачи рекомендуют консультацию специалиста во время климактерического периода для управления гормональными изменениями.

  Doctors recommend consulting a specialist during the climacteric period to manage hormonal changes.

• Климакс часто ассоциируется с эмоциональными изменениями, но это не универсально для всех.

  Climacteric is often associated with emotional changes, but this is not universal for everyone.

• Исследования показывают, что правильное питание может облегчить протекание климакса.

  Studies show that proper nutrition can ease the course of climacteric.

• Климактерический период в жизни женщины требует внимания к здоровью костей и сердца.

  The climacteric period in a woman's life requires attention to bone and heart health.

Meaning 2: A critical or turning point in a broader sense (e.g., in life or history, though less common in English usage).

Translation(s) & Context:

• климакс – Used metaphorically in non-medical contexts, such as in literature or psychology, to denote a peak or crisis.

Usage Examples:

• Этот год стал климаксом в его карьере, когда он достиг наивысшего успеха.

  This year became the climacteric in his career, when he achieved the highest success.

• Климакс событий привел к значительным изменениям в обществе.

  The climacteric of events led to significant changes in society.

• В психологии климакс развития личности может наступить в зрелом возрасте.

  In psychology, the climacteric of personal development can occur in mature age.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"климакс" is a masculine noun (from Greek origin) and follows standard Russian declension patterns for nouns ending in a consonant. It is inflected based on case and number. "климактерический" is an adjective and agrees with the noun it modifies.

Note: "климакс" does not have irregular inflections but is less commonly used in plural form outside specific contexts.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • менопауза (menopauza) – More specific to menopause, often used interchangeably in everyday medical talk.
  • кризис (krizis) – For the broader sense of a turning point, with a connotation of crisis.
• Antonyms:
  • None directly, as "climacteric" is a neutral term, but in a metaphorical sense, something like стабильность (stabil'nost') could imply the opposite (stability).

Related Phrases:

• климактерический синдром – A syndrome associated with climacteric symptoms; refers to the set of physical and emotional changes during menopause.
• период климакса – The phase of climacteric; used to describe the entire transitional period.
• гормональный климакс – Hormonal climacteric; highlights the role of hormones in the process.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, "климакс" directly corresponds to the English "climacteric" in medical contexts, but it can also mean "climax" in a narrative sense, so context is key to avoid confusion. Use "климактерический период" for more formal or descriptive scenarios, especially in healthcare discussions. This term is typically restricted to adult, professional language and is not common in casual conversation. When choosing between translations, opt for "климакс" for brevity and "климактерический период" for emphasis on duration. Grammatically, ensure adjectives agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

Common Errors:

• Error: Confusing "климакс" with its English homophone "climax" in non-medical contexts, leading to misuse like saying "климакс фильма" to mean the peak of a movie plot (which is correct), but forgetting the medical nuance.

  Correct Usage: В медицинском контексте, "климакс" относится к менопаузе, не к кульминации. (In a medical context, "климакс" refers to menopause, not to a culmination.)

• Error: Incorrect inflection, such as using "климакс" in the wrong case, e.g., "о климакс" instead of "о климаксе".

  Correct Usage: Правильно: "Разговор о климаксе" (Talk about climacteric), where it should be in the prepositional case as "климаксе".

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, discussions around "климакс" (climacteric) are often tied to broader themes of women's health and aging, influenced by Soviet-era medical advancements. It carries a somewhat neutral connotation but can be sensitive, as aging and menopause are topics that emphasize family and societal support, reflecting traditional values of community care in Russia.

Related Concepts:

• менопауза
• гормональная терапия
• психологический кризис