Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Clamp'

English Word: Clamp

Key Russian Translations:

• зажим [zɐˈʒim] - [Formal, General Use]
• скоба [ˈskobə] - [Technical, Often Used in Construction]
• струбцина [strubˈtsinə] - [Specialized, Carpentry or Metalwork]

Frequency: Medium

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate) for "зажим" and "скоба"; B2 (Upper-Intermediate) for "струбцина"

Pronunciation (Russian):

зажим: [zɐˈʒim]

Note on зажим: The stress falls on the second syllable. The "ж" sound is a voiced fricative, similar to the 's' in 'measure'.

скоба: [ˈskobə]

Note on скоба: The stress is on the first syllable. The final "а" is pronounced as a schwa sound.

струбцина: [strubˈtsinə]

Note on струбцина: The stress is on the second syllable. The "ц" is a sharp, unvoiced sound, like 'ts' in 'cats'.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. A Device to Hold or Secure Objects Tightly (General/Mechanical)

Translation(s) & Context:

• зажим - Commonly used for small clamps or clips in everyday or mechanical contexts.
• струбцина - Refers specifically to larger clamps used in woodworking or metalworking.

Usage Examples:

• У меня есть зажим для бумаг на столе.

  I have a clamp (clip) for papers on my desk.

• Мастер использовал струбцину, чтобы закрепить доску.

  The craftsman used a clamp to secure the board.

• Этот зажим не держит металл прочно.

  This clamp doesn’t hold the metal firmly.

2. A Bracket or Support (Construction/Technical)

Translation(s) & Context:

• скоба - Often used for brackets or staples in construction or technical contexts.

Usage Examples:

• Скоба крепко держит провод на месте.

  The clamp (bracket) holds the wire securely in place.

• Нам нужны скобы для крепления трубы к стене.

  We need clamps (brackets) to attach the pipe to the wall.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

зажим (Masculine Noun):

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	зажим	зажимы
Genitive	зажима	зажимов
Dative	зажиму	зажимам
Accusative	зажим	зажимы
Instrumental	зажимом	зажимами
Prepositional	зажиме	зажимах

скоба (Feminine Noun): Follows regular feminine declension patterns (similar structure as above, omitted for brevity).

струбцина (Feminine Noun): Follows regular feminine declension patterns (similar structure as above, omitted for brevity).

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for зажим:

• клипса (more informal, often for clips)
• держатель (broader term for holder)

Synonyms for скоба:

• кронштейн (specific to brackets)

Antonyms: None directly applicable, as "clamp" implies securing or holding, with no clear opposite in this context.

Related Phrases:

• бумажный зажим - Paper clamp (clip for papers).
• скоба для крепления - Clamp (bracket) for fastening.
• струбцина для дерева - Woodworking clamp.

Usage Notes:

• "зажим" is the most versatile and commonly used term for "clamp" in general contexts, such as clips or small mechanical clamps.
• "скоба" is more specific to brackets or staples, often used in construction or technical fields.
• "струбцина" is a specialized term primarily used in carpentry or metalwork for larger, heavy-duty clamps.
• Be cautious about context when choosing the appropriate Russian word, as they are not always interchangeable.

Common Errors:

Error 1: Using "зажим" for large, heavy-duty clamps in professional contexts.

Incorrect: Используйте зажим для склеивания досок. (Use a clamp for gluing boards.)

Correct: Используйте струбцину для склеивания досок. (Use a clamp for gluing boards.)

Explanation: "зажим" is more appropriate for smaller or lighter clamps, while "струбцина" is the correct term for heavy-duty tools in carpentry.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian-speaking countries, DIY and craftsmanship are highly valued skills, and terms like "струбцина" are commonly known among people involved in woodworking or repairs. Understanding the specific vocabulary can help in technical or professional conversations.

Related Concepts:

• инструмент (tool)
• крепление (fastening)
• держатель (holder)