Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Chrome'

English Word: Chrome

Key Russian Translations:

• хром [xrom] - [Formal, Noun, Refers to the metal or chemical element]
• хромированный [xromiróvannyj] - [Formal/Informal, Adjective, Refers to something chrome-plated]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in technical or industrial contexts)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate) for "хром"; B2 (Upper-Intermediate) for "хромированный" due to derivational complexity

Pronunciation (Russian):

хром: [xrom]

Note on хром: The initial sound [x] is a voiceless velar fricative, similar to the 'ch' in Scottish "loch". Stress is on the single syllable.

хромированный: [xromiróvannyj]

Note on хромированный: Stress falls on the third syllable "-ró-". The ending changes based on gender and case.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Chrome as a Metal/Chemical Element

Translation(s) & Context:

• хром - Used in scientific, industrial, or technical contexts to refer to the metal or element.

Usage Examples:

• Хром используется в производстве нержавеющей стали.

  Chrome is used in the production of stainless steel.

• Хром обладает высокой устойчивостью к коррозии.

  Chrome has high resistance to corrosion.

• В таблице Менделеева хром находится под номером 24.

  In the periodic table, chrome is number 24.

2. Chrome as a Surface Finish or Appearance

Translation(s) & Context:

• хромированный - Used to describe objects that are chrome-plated or have a shiny, metallic finish.

Usage Examples:

• У машины хромированные детали выглядят очень стильно.

  The car's chrome-plated parts look very stylish.

• Я купил хромированный кран для кухни.

  I bought a chrome faucet for the kitchen.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

хром (Noun, Masculine, Inanimate):

Case	Singular
Nominative	хром
Genitive	хрома
Dative	хрому
Accusative	хром
Instrumental	хромом
Prepositional	о хроме

Note: "хром" is rarely used in plural as it typically refers to the element in general.

хромированный (Adjective):

Declines according to gender, number, and case. Example in Nominative:

Gender/Number	Form
Masculine Singular	хромированный
Feminine Singular	хромированная
Neuter Singular	хромированное
Plural (All Genders)	хромированные

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for хром:

• хромий (rare, mostly scientific)

Synonyms for хромированный:

• покрытый хромом (lit. "covered with chrome") - slightly more descriptive.

Antonyms: None directly applicable for "хром" as a metal; for "хромированный", antonyms could contextually be "необработанный" (raw, untreated).

Related Phrases:

• хромированная сталь - Chrome steel (used in industrial contexts).
• хромированная отделка - Chrome finish (common in design and automotive contexts).
• хромовая руда - Chrome ore (used in mining and metallurgy).

Usage Notes:

• "хром" is strictly used for the metal or element and does not have colloquial or metaphorical uses in Russian.
• "хромированный" is more common in everyday speech when describing objects with a chrome finish, such as car parts or household items.
• Ensure correct adjective agreement when using "хромированный" as it must match the gender, number, and case of the noun it modifies.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "хром" instead of "хромированный" to describe a chrome-plated object. For example, saying "хром кран" (chrome faucet) is incorrect.

  Correct Usage: "хромированный кран".

  Explanation: "хром" is a noun and cannot function as an adjective.

• Error: Incorrect adjective endings for "хромированный", such as using masculine form with a feminine noun.

  Incorrect: "хромированный машина" (should be "хромированная машина" for "chrome car").

  Explanation: Adjectives must agree with the noun in gender, number, and case.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian-speaking countries, chrome-plated items, especially in automotive and interior design, are often associated with luxury or modernity. During the Soviet era, chrome finishes were a symbol of Western influence and were highly sought after.

Related Concepts:

• сталь (steel)
• металл (metal)
• покрытие (coating)