Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'chloride'

English Word: chloride

Key Russian Translations:

• хлорид [xlɐˈrʲid] - [Formal, Scientific]

Frequency: Medium (Common in scientific, medical, and technical contexts, but rare in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate to Advanced; Requires familiarity with scientific terminology and basic Russian noun declensions)

Pronunciation (Russian):

хлорид: [xlɐˈrʲid]

Note on хлорид: The initial 'х' is a voiceless velar fricative, which can be challenging for English speakers similar to the 'ch' in Scottish "loch". Stress falls on the second syllable.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Chemical compound (e.g., a salt containing chlorine)

Translation(s) & Context:

• хлорид - Used in formal scientific, medical, or chemical discussions to refer to compounds like sodium chloride.

Usage Examples:

• В морской воде преобладает натриевый хлорид, который делает её солёной.

  In seawater, sodium chloride predominates, which makes it salty.

• Хлорид калия часто используется в удобрениях для повышения урожайности.

  Potassium chloride is often used in fertilizers to increase crop yields.

• В лаборатории мы изучаем свойства различных хлоридов, включая хлорид натрия.

  In the laboratory, we study the properties of various chlorides, including sodium chloride.

• Дефицит хлорида в организме может привести к проблемам с электролитным балансом.

  A deficiency of chloride in the body can lead to electrolyte imbalance issues.

• Хлорид магния применяется в производстве огнеупорных материалов.

  Magnesium chloride is used in the production of fire-resistant materials.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Хлорид is a masculine noun (third declension in Russian). It follows standard noun declension patterns for inanimate masculine nouns ending in a consonant. Below is a table outlining its key inflections:

Note: This word does not have irregular forms, making it relatively straightforward for learners once basic declension rules are understood.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • хлоросоединение (khlɐrɐsəɪdʲinənʲije) - A broader term for chlorine-containing compounds, often used interchangeably in chemical contexts but less specific.
• Antonyms: None directly applicable, as this is a specific chemical term without natural opposites.

Related Phrases:

• Натриевый хлорид - Sodium chloride; Commonly refers to table salt in everyday and scientific contexts.
• Хлорид натрия - Another way to say sodium chloride; Used in medical or chemical descriptions, emphasizing the compound's role in solutions.
• Калиевый хлорид - Potassium chloride; Often discussed in nutrition or agriculture for its electrolyte properties.

Usage Notes:

Chloride translates directly to "хлорид" in Russian, primarily in scientific and technical fields. It is a formal term and should be used in professional contexts rather than casual conversation. Note that Russian often pairs it with the element it combines with, e.g., "натриевый хлорид" for sodium chloride. When learning, pay attention to declensions based on sentence structure—e.g., use the genitive case for possession. If multiple translations exist, "хлорид" is the most precise and commonly accepted one for general chemical references.

Common Errors:

• Confusing declensions: English learners might incorrectly use the nominative form in all cases, e.g., saying "из хлорид" instead of "из хлорида" (from chloride). Correct usage: Always decline based on the grammatical case, as in "из хлорида натрия" (from sodium chloride).

• Misapplying in non-scientific contexts: Beginners may overuse it in everyday speech, e.g., saying "хлорид в еде" when "соль" (salt) is more appropriate. Explanation: Reserve "хлорид" for technical discussions to avoid sounding overly formal or incorrect.

Cultural Notes:

"Хлорид" is a neutral scientific term without strong cultural connotations in Russian. However, it relates to everyday life through common compounds like sodium chloride (table salt), which has historical significance in Russian cuisine and preservation techniques, symbolizing basic sustenance in traditional contexts.

Related Concepts:

• хлор (chlorine)
• ион (ion)
• электролит (electrolyte)