Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'cede'

English Word: cede

Key Russian Translations:

• уступать [ʊsˈtʊpətʲ] - [Formal, Verb, Often used in negotiations or territorial contexts]
• передавать [pʲɪrʲɪˈdavatʲ] - [Formal/Neutral, Verb, Used for transferring rights or property]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in formal or legal contexts)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate) for both translations due to formal usage and conjugation complexity

Pronunciation (Russian):

уступать: [ʊsˈtʊpətʲ]

Note on уступать: Stress falls on the second syllable. The initial 'у' is pronounced like the 'u' in 'put'.

передавать: [pʲɪrʲɪˈdavatʲ]

Note on передавать: Stress on the third syllable. The 'р' is rolled, and the 'е' is softened due to palatalization.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. To give up power, territory, or rights (formal/legal context)

Translation(s) & Context:

• уступать - Often used when relinquishing control or territory in formal agreements.
• передавать - Used for transferring ownership or rights, slightly broader in scope.

Usage Examples:

• Страна уступила территорию после длительных переговоров.

  The country ceded territory after long negotiations.

• Он уступил свои права на наследство брату.

  He ceded his inheritance rights to his brother.

• Компания передала права на использование патента другой фирме.

  The company ceded the rights to use the patent to another firm.

• Правительство решило уступить спорные земли соседнему государству.

  The government decided to cede the disputed lands to the neighboring state.

• Она передала свои полномочия новому руководителю.

  She ceded her authority to the new manager.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

уступать (Verb, Imperfective): This verb follows regular conjugation patterns for verbs ending in -ать. It is imperfective, indicating an ongoing or incomplete action.

передавать (Verb, Imperfective): This verb also follows regular conjugation for -вать verbs and is imperfective.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for уступать:

• сдаваться (to surrender, more colloquial or emotional)
• отказываться (to give up, often in the sense of refusal)

Synonyms for передавать:

• отдавать (to give away, more informal)
• вручать (to hand over, formal or ceremonial)

Antonyms for уступать/передавать:

• захватывать (to seize or capture)
• удерживать (to retain or hold on to)

Related Phrases:

• уступать место - to give up one’s seat (e.g., to an elderly person on public transport)
• передавать полномочия - to transfer authority or powers
• уступать в споре - to concede in an argument

Usage Notes:

• Both уступать and передавать are used in formal contexts, but уступать often implies a loss or concession, while передавать focuses on the act of transferring something.
• These verbs are imperfective, so for completed actions, their perfective counterparts (уступить and передать) are used.
• Pay attention to the object of the verb, as it often requires the accusative case (for direct objects) or dative case (to indicate to whom something is ceded).

Common Errors:

• Incorrect Aspect Usage: English speakers often use the imperfective form when a completed action (perfective) is intended. For example, saying "Я уступаю территорию" (ongoing) instead of "Я уступил территорию" (completed action). Use уступить or передать for one-time, completed actions.
• Case Errors: Failing to use the correct case after the verb. For example, "уступать кому-то" (dative case for the recipient) is often misused as nominative.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, the concept of "ceding" or "conceding" (уступать) can carry a nuanced tone of reluctance or sacrifice, especially in historical or political contexts. For instance, ceding territory is often discussed with a sense of loss or compromise, reflecting Russia's historical experiences with border changes.

Related Concepts:

• соглашение (agreement)
• договор (treaty/contract)
• компромисс (compromise)