Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Capillary'

English Word: capillary

Key Russian Translations:

• капилляр [kəpʲɪˈlʲar] - [Formal, Scientific]

Frequency: Medium

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate)

Pronunciation (Russian):

капилляр: [kəpʲɪˈlʲar]

Note on капилляр: Stress falls on the second syllable. The "л" sound is palatalized, which may be challenging for non-native speakers.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Anatomy/Biology (a small blood vessel)

Translation(s) & Context:

• капилляр - Used in medical and biological contexts to refer to the smallest blood vessels.

Usage Examples:

• Капилляры играют ключевую роль в обмене веществ между кровью и тканями.

  Capillaries play a key role in the exchange of substances between blood and tissues.

• Повреждение капилляров может привести к кровоизлиянию.

  Damage to capillaries can lead to hemorrhage.

• Через капилляры кислород поступает в клетки тела.

  Oxygen is delivered to body cells through capillaries.

2. Physics (capillary action or tube)

Translation(s) & Context:

• капилляр - Refers to a narrow tube or capillary action in scientific contexts.

Usage Examples:

• Капиллярное действие объясняет, почему вода поднимается в узких трубках.

  Capillary action explains why water rises in narrow tubes.

• В эксперименте использовали стеклянный капилляр для измерения жидкости.

  A glass capillary was used in the experiment to measure liquid.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

The word капилляр is a masculine noun in Russian. It follows the regular declension pattern for masculine nouns ending in a consonant.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms:

• микрососуд (used in specific medical contexts for tiny blood vessels)

Antonyms:

• артерия (artery, a larger blood vessel)
• вена (vein, a larger blood vessel)

Note: Synonyms and antonyms are context-dependent; "микрососуд" is rarely used outside specialized texts.

Related Phrases:

• капиллярное действие - Capillary action, a phenomenon in physics.
• капиллярная сеть - Capillary network, referring to the system of capillaries in the body.
• капиллярная трубка - Capillary tube, often used in scientific experiments.

Usage Notes:

• The Russian word "капилляр" is a direct borrowing from Latin via other European languages, so its usage is quite technical and formal. It is primarily used in scientific, medical, or academic contexts.
• In everyday Russian, people are unlikely to use "капилляр" unless discussing biology or physics explicitly. If speaking casually about small blood vessels, a more general term like "сосуды" (vessels) might be used.
• Be mindful of the context when translating "capillary" as it can refer to both a blood vessel and a physical phenomenon or tool (capillary tube).

Common Errors:

• Misusing "капилляр" in informal contexts: English speakers might overuse "капилляр" in casual conversation. Incorrect: "У меня лопнул капилляр в глазу" (I burst a capillary in my eye). Correct: "У меня лопнул сосуд в глазу" (I burst a vessel in my eye), as "сосуд" is more common in non-technical speech.
• Pronunciation error: Stressing the first syllable ("КАпилляр") instead of the second ("капиЛЛЯР") is a frequent mistake. Always stress the second syllable for correct pronunciation.

Cultural Notes:

There are no significant cultural connotations associated with "капилляр" in Russian. It is a purely technical term borrowed from Latin, much like in English, and does not carry idiomatic or emotional weight in everyday language.

Related Concepts:

• артерия (artery)
• вена (vein)
• кровеносная система (circulatory system)