Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'cadge'

English Word: cadge

Key Russian Translations:

• выклянчить [vɨˈklʲanʲtɕɪtʲ] - [Informal, Verb; Used in everyday conversations for persistently begging or obtaining something]
• выпросить [vɨˈprosʲɪtʲ] - [Neutral, Verb; Often used in less intense contexts, implying polite but insistent requesting]

Frequency: Low (This word and its translations are not commonly used in everyday Russian; more frequent in literary or narrative contexts.)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate for выклянчить; learners should understand verb conjugations. For выпросить, also B2, as it involves basic imperative forms.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

выклянчить: [vɨˈklʲanʲtɕɪtʲ]

Note on выклянчить: The soft sign (ь) in "клян" affects pronunciation, softening the preceding consonant; beginners may confuse it with harder sounds. Stress on the third syllable.

выпросить: [vɨˈprosʲɪtʲ]

Note on выпросить: The "sʲ" sound is palatalized; practice with native speakers to master the subtle softening.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

To obtain something by begging, imposing, or persistently asking (primary meaning of 'cadge').

Translation(s) & Context:

• выклянчить - Common in informal, everyday scenarios, such as among friends or in casual storytelling, to describe manipulative begging.
• выпросить - Used in neutral or semi-formal contexts, like requesting favors without the negative connotation of begging.

Usage Examples:

• Он выклянчил у друзей новый смартфон, обещая вернуть его через неделю.

  He cadged a new smartphone from his friends, promising to return it in a week.

• Дети всегда выпрашивают у бабушки сладости, но она редко отказывает.

  The kids always cadge sweets from grandma, and she rarely refuses.

• В парке бездомный выклянчил мелочь у прохожих, чтобы купить еду.

  In the park, the homeless person cadged some change from passersby to buy food.

• Она выпросила выходной у начальника, сославшись на семейные дела.

  She cadged a day off from her boss by citing family matters.

• Молодой художник выклянчил краски у коллег, чтобы закончить картину вовремя.

  The young artist cadged paints from colleagues to finish the painting on time.

To imply freeloading or taking advantage in a social setting (secondary, less common meaning).

Translation(s) & Context:

• выклянчить - In contexts involving social dynamics, like parties or group settings, to highlight dependency.

Usage Examples:

• Гость выклянчил еще один стакан вина, хотя знал, что хозяева устают.

  The guest cadged another glass of wine, even though he knew the hosts were tired.

• Он часто выклянчивает приглашения на вечеринки, не reciprocating.

  He often cadges invitations to parties without giving anything in return.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both primary translations are verbs, which follow standard Russian conjugation patterns. выклянчить and выпросить are imperfective verbs, meaning they describe ongoing or repeated actions. They undergo regular conjugation based on tense, aspect, person, and number. Irregularities are minimal, but pay attention to stem changes in certain forms.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • попросить (prosit') - More neutral, simple request; less insistent than выклянчить.
  • выманить (vymanit') - Implies tricking someone into giving; often used in manipulative contexts.
• Antonyms:
  • отказать (otkazat') - To refuse or deny a request.
  • заработать (zarabotat') - To earn something through effort, contrasting with begging.

Related Phrases:

• Выклянчить милостыню - To beg for alms; used in contexts of street begging or charity (implies a desperate situation).
• Выпросить одолжение - To ask for a favor; common in social interactions where reciprocity is expected.
• Не выклянчивать, а предлагать - Not to beg, but to offer; a phrase contrasting begging with proactive giving, often in motivational contexts.

Usage Notes:

• 'Cadge' translates most directly to выклянчить in informal English-Russian contexts, but выпросить is preferable in neutral settings to avoid negative connotations. Always consider the social dynamic: выклянчить implies persistence or imposition, while выпросить is milder.
• In Russian, these verbs must agree with the subject in person, number, and tense, which differs from English's more flexible structure. For example, use the imperative form (выклянчи!) for commands.
• When choosing between translations, opt for выклянчить if the English context involves manipulation; otherwise, выпросить aligns better with polite requests.

Common Errors:

• English learners often misuse выклянчить by overusing it in formal contexts, where выпросить is more appropriate. Error: "Я выклянчил повышение у босса" (implies begging aggressively). Correct: "Я выпросил повышение у босса" – This sounds more professional and less confrontational.
• Another error is ignoring verb conjugation; for instance, saying "Он выклянчить" instead of "Он выклянчил" (past tense). Explanation: Russian verbs require correct tense forms to convey time accurately, unlike English where context can suffice.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like выклянчить carry a stigma of dependency or laziness, often linked to historical contexts like Soviet-era shortages where begging was more visible. This reflects a cultural emphasis on self-reliance, so using these terms can evoke empathy or judgment depending on the narrative.

Related Concepts:

• попрошайничество (begging as a practice)
• милосердие (mercy or charity)
• вымогательство (extortion, a more severe form of demanding)