Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Budget'

English Word: Budget

Key Russian Translations:

• бюджет [ˈbʲudʐɨt] - [Formal, General Use]
• смета [ˈsmʲetə] - [Formal, Often Used in Specific Estimates or Plans]

Frequency: High (commonly used in both personal and professional contexts)

Difficulty: A2 (Beginner-Intermediate for "бюджет"); B1 (Intermediate for "смета")

Pronunciation (Russian):

бюджет: [ˈbʲudʐɨt]

Note on бюджет: The stress is on the first syllable, and the "ж" sound is a voiced fricative, similar to the 's' in 'measure' but harder.

смета: [ˈsmʲetə]

Note on смета: The stress is on the first syllable, and the final "а" is pronounced as a schwa sound in unstressed position.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Financial Plan or Allocation

Translation(s) & Context:

• бюджет - Used for general financial planning, governmental or personal budgets.

Usage Examples:

• Государственный бюджет был утверждён на следующий год.

  The state budget was approved for the next year.

• Мы составили семейный бюджет на месяц.

  We made a family budget for the month.

• Бюджет проекта превысил ожидания.

  The project's budget exceeded expectations.

2. Detailed Estimate or Cost Breakdown

Translation(s) & Context:

• смета - Used for specific cost estimates, often in construction or detailed planning.

Usage Examples:

• Смета на ремонт дома составлена очень детально.

  The estimate for the house renovation is very detailed.

• Мы запросили смету у подрядчика.

  We requested an estimate from the contractor.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

бюджет (Masculine Noun): Follows the standard masculine noun declension in Russian.

смета (Feminine Noun): Follows the standard feminine noun declension in Russian.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for бюджет:

• финансы (in broader financial contexts)
• средства (referring to available funds)

Note: "финансы" is more general and refers to finances as a whole, while "средства" often implies specific available resources.

Antonyms for бюджет:

• дефицит (deficit)

Related Phrases:

• составить бюджет - To draw up a budget.
• держаться бюджета - To stick to a budget.
• смета расходов - Cost estimate.

Usage Notes:

• "бюджет" is the most common and versatile term for "budget" in Russian, applicable to personal, corporate, or governmental contexts.
• "смета" is more specific and often used in technical or formal contexts, such as construction or detailed financial planning.
• Be mindful of the context when choosing between "бюджет" and "смета," as using "смета" for a personal budget may sound overly formal or incorrect.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "смета" for personal budgets. Incorrect: "Мой личный смета на месяц." Correct: "Мой личный бюджет на месяц."
• Explanation: "смета" is inappropriate for personal or general budgets and should be reserved for detailed estimates or formal plans.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian-speaking countries, discussions about "бюджет" often carry significant weight, especially in the context of governmental budgets or public spending, as these topics are frequently covered in media and politics. The concept of personal budgeting is also gaining importance with growing financial literacy.

Related Concepts:

• финансы (finances)
• расходы (expenses)
• доходы (income)