Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'ban'

English Word: ban

Key Russian Translations:

• запрет [zɐˈprʲet] - [Formal, Noun]
• запрещать [zɐprʲɪˈʂatʲ] - [Formal, Verb, Imperfective]
• наложить запрет [nɐˈloʐɨtʲ zɐˈprʲet] - [Formal, Phrase, Used in legal or official contexts]

Frequency: High (especially "запрет" and "запрещать")

Difficulty: A2-B1 (Beginner to Intermediate; "запрет" is easier at A2, while "запрещать" and phrases like "наложить запрет" are B1 due to conjugation and context)

Pronunciation (Russian):

запрет: [zɐˈprʲet]

Note on запрет: Stress falls on the second syllable. The "р" sound is rolled, which can be challenging for non-native speakers.

запрещать: [zɐprʲɪˈʂatʲ]

Note on запрещать: The stress is on the third syllable, and the "щ" sound is a soft, hissing sound unique to Russian.

наложить запрет: [nɐˈloʐɨtʲ zɐˈprʲet]

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Ban as a Noun (Prohibition)

Translation(s) & Context:

• запрет - Used to refer to an official or legal prohibition (e.g., a smoking ban).

Usage Examples:

• В городе действует запрет на курение в общественных местах.

  A ban on smoking in public places is in effect in the city.

• Запрет на продажу алкоголя был введён вчера.

  A ban on the sale of alcohol was introduced yesterday.

• Запрет на въезд в страну вызвал протесты.

  The ban on entering the country sparked protests.

2. Ban as a Verb (To Prohibit)

Translation(s) & Context:

• запрещать - General verb for prohibiting or forbidding something.
• наложить запрет - Used in formal contexts to mean "to impose a ban."

Usage Examples:

• Они запрещают детям играть на улице после заката.

  They ban children from playing outside after sunset.

• Правительство запретило использование пластиковых пакетов.

  The government banned the use of plastic bags.

• Совет наложил запрет на экспорт оружия.

  The council imposed a ban on arms exports.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

запрет (Noun, Masculine):

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	запрет	запреты
Genitive	запрета	запретов
Dative	запрету	запретам
Accusative	запрет	запреты
Instrumental	запретом	запретами
Prepositional	о запрете	о запретах

запрещать (Verb, Imperfective): Conjugates regularly as a second-conjugation verb. Below is the present tense conjugation:

Person	Singular	Plural
1st	запрещаю	запрещаем
2nd	запрещаешь	запрещаете
3rd	запрещает	запрещают

Note: The perfective form is "запретить."

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for запрет:

• ограничение (restriction)
• табу (taboo)

Note: "ограничение" often implies a partial restriction, while "запрет" is a full prohibition.

Antonyms for запрет:

• разрешение (permission)
• допуск (admission)

Related Phrases:

• ввести запрет - To introduce a ban.
• снять запрет - To lift a ban.
• запрещать категорически - To strictly forbid.

Usage Notes:

• "Запрет" is used as a noun and is the most direct translation for "ban" in the sense of a prohibition. It is formal and often appears in legal or official contexts.
• "Запрещать" is the verb form, used when describing the act of banning or prohibiting. Use the imperfective "запрещать" for ongoing or habitual actions and the perfective "запретить" for completed actions.
• "Наложить запрет" is a formal expression often used in written language or official statements to mean "to impose a ban."

Common Errors:

• Error: Confusing "запрещать" (imperfective) with "запретить" (perfective). Example of incorrect use: "Я запрещаю это вчера" (I ban this yesterday). Correct: "Я запретил это вчера" (I banned this yesterday), as "запретить" is perfective and fits past completed actions.
• Error: Using "запрет" as a verb. Example of incorrect use: "Я запрет это." Correct: Use "запрещаю" or "запретил" for the verb form.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, the concept of "запрет" often carries a strong connotation of authority, as bans are frequently associated with government or institutional regulations. Historically, many bans (e.g., on literature or political activities) have shaped public discourse, so the term may evoke a sense of restriction or control.

Related Concepts:

• ограничение (restriction)
• цензура (censorship)
• санкция (sanction)