Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'averse'

English Word: averse

Key Russian Translations:

• неприязненный [nʲɪprʲɪˈjaznʲɪjnɨj] - [Formal, Adjective]
• не склонный [nʲɪ skɫonnyj] - [Informal, Adjective, Used in everyday contexts]

Frequency: Medium (Common in formal writing and discussions about preferences or attitudes, but not everyday casual speech)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of Russian adjectives and their inflections, as well as nuanced expressions of reluctance)

Pronunciation (Russian):

неприязненный: [nʲɪprʲɪˈjaznʲɪjnɨj]

не склонный: [nʲɪ skɫonnyj]

Note on неприязненный: The stress falls on the third syllable ('jaz'), which can be tricky for English speakers due to the soft consonants; pronounce it with a clear palatalized 'n' sound.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Strongly opposed, unwilling, or having a dislike towards something (e.g., averse to risk)

Translation(s) & Context:

• неприязненный - Used in formal or written contexts to describe a deep-seated aversion, often in psychological or social discussions.
• не склонный - Applied in informal settings to express general reluctance or disinclination without strong negativity.

Usage Examples:

• Он неприязненно относится к новым идеям, предпочитая традиционные методы.

  He is averse to new ideas, preferring traditional methods.

• Многие люди не склонны к риску в финансовых инвестициях.

  Many people are averse to risk in financial investments.

• Эта компания неприязненно настроена к изменениям в управлении.

  This company is averse to changes in management.

• Она не склонна к конфликтам, избегая любых споров.

  She is averse to conflicts, avoiding any arguments.

• В обществе часто неприязненно воспринимают инновации, если они угрожают статус-кво.

  In society, innovations are often averse if they threaten the status quo.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both primary translations are adjectives, which in Russian undergo inflection based on gender, number, and case. Russian adjectives agree with the nouns they modify and follow standard patterns for first-declension adjectives.

Note: These adjectives are regular and follow the standard pattern. They do not have irregular forms, making them relatively straightforward for learners.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • враждебный (more aggressive connotation, implying hostility)
  • отталкивающий (repulsive, with a physical or emotional distance)
• Antonyms:
  • расположенный (inclined or favorable)
  • склонный (prone or eager)

Related Phrases:

• неприязненное отношение - Averse attitude (Used to describe a general dislike or opposition in interpersonal relations.)
• не склонный к риску - Averse to risk (Common in financial or decision-making contexts, emphasizing caution.)
• избегать с неприязнью - To avoid with aversion (An idiomatic phrase for steering clear of something disliked.)

Usage Notes:

The English word "averse" typically translates to Russian adjectives like "неприязненный" in formal contexts or "не склонный" in casual ones. Be mindful of the context: "неприязненный" implies a stronger emotional aversion, while "не склонный" is milder and focuses on inclination. In Russian, these adjectives must agree in gender, number, and case with the noun they modify, which is a key grammatical difference from English. When choosing between translations, opt for "неприязненный" in written or professional scenarios and "не склонный" in spoken language. Additionally, Russian often pairs these with prepositions like "к" (to), as in "неприязненный к чему-то," to mirror the English structure.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using the adjective without proper agreement, e.g., saying "Она неприязненный" instead of "Она неприязненная" for a feminine subject. Correct: "Она неприязненная к риску." Explanation: Russian adjectives must match the gender of the noun or subject, unlike in English where "averse" remains unchanged.

• Error: Confusing "неприязненный" with "враждебный," leading to overuse of the stronger term. Correct: Use "неприязненный" for general aversion and "враждебный" only for hostility. Explanation: This can make the language sound more aggressive than intended, so context is crucial.

• Error: Omitting the preposition in phrases, e.g., saying "Он неприязненный риск" instead of "Он неприязненный к риску." Correct: Always include "к" or similar prepositions to indicate the object of aversion. Explanation: Without it, the sentence may be grammatically incorrect or unclear in Russian.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, expressions of aversion like "неприязненный" often reflect a deep-seated caution rooted in historical contexts, such as the Soviet era's emphasis on stability over innovation. This can manifest in everyday attitudes towards risk, where being "averse" is sometimes seen as a prudent virtue rather than a flaw, influencing business and personal decisions.

Related Concepts:

• враждебность (hostility)
• отвращение (repulsion)
• склонность (inclination)