Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Available'

English Word: Available

Key Russian Translations:

• доступный [dɐˈstupnɨj] - [Formal, General Use]
• свободный [svɐˈbodnɨj] - [Informal, Often for Time or Availability of People]
• имеющийся в наличии [ɪˈmʲeʲuʂːɪjsʲə v nəˈlʲitʲɪɪ] - [Formal, Used for Items or Stock]

Frequency: High (Widely used in various contexts)

Difficulty: A2-B1 (Beginner to Intermediate, depending on context and translation)

Pronunciation (Russian):

доступный: [dɐˈstupnɨj]

Note on доступный: Stress falls on the second syllable. The 'ы' sound is a unique Russian vowel, pronounced as a short, unrounded 'i'.

свободный: [svɐˈbodnɨj]

Note on свободный: Stress on the second syllable. Ensure the 'в' is pronounced softly before 'о'.

имеющийся в наличии: [ɪˈmʲeʲuʂːɪjsʲə v nəˈlʲitʲɪɪ]

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Accessible or Obtainable (e.g., resources, information)

Translation(s) & Context:

• доступный - Used for things that can be accessed or obtained, often in a formal or general context (e.g., information, services).
• имеющийся в наличии - Specifically for items that are in stock or physically available.

Usage Examples:

• Эта информация доступна на сайте.

  This information is available on the website.

• Товар имеется в наличии в магазине.

  The product is available in the store.

• Доступные ресурсы ограничены.

  Available resources are limited.

2. Free or Not Occupied (e.g., time, people)

Translation(s) & Context:

• свободный - Commonly used for availability of time or people, often in informal contexts.

Usage Examples:

• Я свободен завтра после обеда.

  I am available tomorrow after lunch.

• У вас есть свободное время для встречи?

  Do you have any available time for a meeting?

Russian Forms/Inflections:

доступный (Adjective): Declines according to gender, number, and case.

Case	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Plural
Nominative	доступный	доступная	доступное	доступные
Genitive	доступного	доступной	доступного	доступных

свободный (Adjective): Follows similar declension patterns as доступный.

имеющийся в наличии (Phrase): Does not inflect as a fixed expression, though "имеющийся" can change based on gender/number when used independently.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for доступный:

• открытый (open, accessible)
• возможный (possible, feasible)

Note: "открытый" often implies openness, while "возможный" focuses on feasibility.

Antonyms for доступный:

• недоступный (inaccessible)
• закрытый (closed)

Related Phrases:

• быть доступным для всех - To be available to everyone.
• свободное время - Free time, available time.
• в наличии на складе - Available in stock.

Usage Notes:

• "доступный" is the most versatile translation for "available" and can be used in both formal and neutral contexts, especially for abstract concepts like information or services.
• "свободный" is more colloquial and typically applies to personal availability or free time. It should not be used for objects or stock.
• "имеющийся в наличии" is a formal phrase, often seen in written contexts or business settings to describe physical availability of items.

Common Errors:

Error 1: Using "свободный" for objects or stock.

Incorrect: Этот товар свободный. (This product is free/available.)

Correct: Этот товар имеется в наличии. (This product is available.)

Explanation: "свободный" implies personal freedom or availability, not the availability of objects.

Error 2: Overusing "доступный" in informal speech about time.

Incorrect: Я доступен завтра. (I am available tomorrow.)

Correct: Я свободен завтра. (I am available tomorrow.)

Explanation: "доступный" sounds overly formal or awkward in personal contexts; "свободный" is more natural.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian, expressing availability, especially in personal contexts, often carries a tone of politeness or flexibility. Saying "Я свободен" (I am available) can imply willingness to help, reflecting a cultural emphasis on mutual support. Additionally, in formal or business settings, confirming availability of items with "в наличии" is common in customer service interactions.

Related Concepts:

• возможность (opportunity, possibility)
• наличие (presence, availability)
• открытость (openness)