Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'autism'

English Word: autism

Key Russian Translations:

• аутизм [aʊˈtɪzm] - [Formal, Medical]

Frequency: Medium (Common in medical and psychological discussions, but less frequent in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Upper Intermediate; requires familiarity with medical terminology and Russian noun declensions)

Pronunciation (Russian):

аутизм: [aʊˈtɪzm]

Note on аутизм: The stress falls on the second syllable (ˈtɪzm). Pronunciation may vary slightly in regional accents, but this is the standard form. Pay attention to the 'ау' diphthong, which sounds like 'ow' in English 'cow'.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Medical condition characterized by challenges with social interaction, communication, and repetitive behaviors.

Translation(s) & Context:

• аутизм - Used primarily in formal medical, psychological, and educational contexts to describe the neurodevelopmental disorder.

Usage Examples:

• У него диагностирован аутизм, что влияет на его социальные взаимодействия.

  He has been diagnosed with autism, which affects his social interactions.

• Аутизм часто сопровождается уникальными талантами, такими как исключительная память.

  Autism is often accompanied by unique talents, such as exceptional memory.

• В современной психологии аутизм рассматривается как спектр расстройств.

  In modern psychology, autism is viewed as a spectrum of disorders.

• Родители ищут поддержку для детей с аутизмом в специализированных центрах.

  Parents seek support for children with autism in specialized centers.

• Аутизм может проявляться в раннем детстве через задержки в речи и поведении.

  Autism can manifest in early childhood through delays in speech and behavior.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Аутизм is a masculine noun of the second declension in Russian. It follows standard patterns for Russian nouns, with changes based on case and number. As a medical term, it is typically used in singular form, but can be pluralized in certain contexts (e.g., discussing multiple cases). Below is a table outlining its key inflections:

Note: The plural form is less common and used when referring to multiple instances or types of autism. The word does not have irregular changes, making it relatively straightforward for learners once basic declensions are mastered.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: аутистическое расстройство (autistic disorder; more descriptive and often used interchangeably in clinical settings, emphasizing the spectrum aspect)
• Antonyms: None directly applicable (as autism is a specific condition without a direct opposite; however, terms like "нормальное развитие" [normal development] might be contrasted in discussions)

Related Phrases:

• Расстройство аутистического спектра - Refers to autism spectrum disorder, commonly used in diagnostic contexts.
• Симптомы аутизма - Symptoms of autism, often discussed in medical literature.
• Поддержка для людей с аутизмом - Support for people with autism, highlighting resources and therapies.

Usage Notes:

The Russian term "аутизм" directly corresponds to the English "autism" as a neurodevelopmental disorder. It is primarily used in formal contexts such as medical reports, educational discussions, or psychological evaluations. Be mindful of its singular form in most cases, and always pair it with appropriate adjectives for specificity (e.g., "детский аутизм" for childhood autism). When choosing between translations like "аутизм" and "аутистическое расстройство," opt for the latter in broader or spectrum-related discussions to align with modern DSM or ICD classifications. Grammatically, ensure correct declension based on sentence structure to maintain natural flow in Russian.

• In informal settings, avoid using this term casually; it's best reserved for professional contexts to prevent stigmatization.
• English learners should note that Russian often emphasizes the spectrum aspect, so phrases like "аутизм спектра" are common equivalents.

Common Errors:

One common mistake for English learners is confusing "аутизм" with other psychological terms like "шизофрения" (schizophrenia), leading to incorrect usage in sentences. For example:

• Incorrect: Он имеет шизофрения, похожую на аутизм. (Wrong: This mixes up schizophrenia with autism.)
• Correct: Он имеет аутизм, который отличается от шизофрении. (Right: This properly distinguishes the conditions.)
• Explanation: The error stems from overlapping symptoms in mental health discussions. Always verify the specific diagnosis before using "аутизм" to ensure accuracy and sensitivity.

Another error is improper declension, such as using the nominative form in all cases: Incorrect: О проблемах аутизм (should be "аутизма" in genitive). Correct: О проблемах аутизма.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, "аутизм" carries awareness through initiatives like those from the Russian Ministry of Health, which promote inclusion and support for individuals with autism. Historically, Soviet-era psychology viewed such conditions through a more rigid lens, but contemporary Russia emphasizes early intervention and destigmatization, influenced by global movements. This reflects a broader cultural shift towards neurodiversity, though public awareness varies by region.

Related Concepts:

• аутистическое расстройство
• социальные навыки
• нейроразнообразие
• специальное образование