Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'authorize'

English Word: authorize

Key Russian Translations:

• авторизовать [IPA: ɐftɐrʲɪˈzovatʲ] - [Formal, Technical; Used in contexts like computing or official permissions]
• разрешить [IPA: rɐˈzreʂʲɪtʲ] - [Formal; Used when granting general permission, but less specific to authorization processes]

Frequency: Medium (Common in technical, business, and formal contexts, but not everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; Requires familiarity with Russian verb conjugations and technical vocabulary. For 'авторизовать', it's more advanced due to its borrowed nature; 'разрешить' is slightly easier at B1.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

авторизовать: [IPA: ɐftɐrʲɪˈzovatʲ]

разрешить: [IPA: rɐˈzreʂʲɪtʲ]

Note on авторизовать: The stress falls on the third syllable ('zo-'), and the 'рʲ' sound is a palatalized 'r', which can be challenging for English speakers. Pronunciation may vary slightly in fast speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

To give official permission or authority (e.g., in legal, computing, or administrative contexts)

Translation(s) & Context:

• авторизовать - Typically used in digital or secure environments, such as logging into a system; formal and precise.
• разрешить - More general for granting permission; can be used in everyday or bureaucratic settings but less specific to authentication.

Usage Examples:

• Пожалуйста, авторизуйтесь в системе перед доступом к файлам.

  Please authorize in the system before accessing the files. (Demonstrates use in a technical context with imperative form.)

• Администратор должен авторизовать транзакцию для подтверждения.

  The administrator must authorize the transaction for confirmation. (Shows use in a financial or administrative setting with infinitive form.)

• Чтобы авторизовать приложение, введите свой логин и пароль.

  To authorize the application, enter your login and password. (Illustrates a common digital scenario with infinitive and imperative elements.)

• Разрешите мне авторизовать этот документ от вашего имени.

  Allow me to authorize this document on your behalf. (Combines 'разрешить' for permission and 'авторизовать' for the action, showing nested usage.)

• Власти не разрешили доступ без предварительной авторизации.

  The authorities did not allow access without prior authorization. (Highlights contrast and use in a formal, legal context.)

To validate or confirm identity (e.g., in security contexts)

Translation(s) & Context:

• авторизовать - Preferred in IT and security; implies verification through credentials.

Usage Examples:

• Система автоматически авторизует пользователя по отпечатку пальца.

  The system automatically authorizes the user via fingerprint. (Shows use with modern technology.)

• Необходимо авторизовать себя, чтобы получить доступ к конфиденциальной информации.

  You need to authorize yourself to access confidential information. (Emphasizes reflexive use in security protocols.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'авторизовать' and 'разрешить' are verbs, primarily belonging to the first conjugation group in Russian. 'Авторизовать' is a loanword and follows regular patterns, while 'разрешить' has standard inflections. Below is a table for key forms:

Note: These verbs are regular but may require aspectual pairs (e.g., 'авторизовать' is imperfective; perfective form is 'авторизовать' in some contexts, but often used as is). 'Разрешить' has a perfective aspect in 'разрешить' itself.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • одобрить (odobrity) - More general approval, often in formal settings.
  • санкционировать (sanktsionirovat') - Implies official sanctioning, with a legal connotation.
• Antonyms:
  • запретить (zapretit') - To forbid or prohibit.
  • отказать (otkazat') - To deny or refuse permission.

Related Phrases:

• Авторизовать доступ - Authorize access; Used in security systems to grant entry.
• Разрешить вход - Allow entry; A more general phrase for permitting access in non-technical contexts.
• Авторизовать транзакцию - Authorize a transaction; Common in banking or online payments.

Usage Notes:

'Авторизовать' is a direct borrowing from English and is most accurate for contexts involving verification or digital authorization, making it a precise match for 'authorize' in tech scenarios. In contrast, 'разрешить' is broader and can translate 'authorize' in everyday or legal situations but may not convey the authentication aspect. Always consider the context: use 'авторизовать' for formal, tech-related permissions and 'разрешить' for general approvals. Grammatically, both are transitive verbs, so they require a direct object (e.g., 'авторизовать доступ'). English learners should note that Russian verbs often require aspect (perfective/imperfective) for nuance, and 'авторизовать' is typically imperfective.

Common Errors:

• Confusing 'авторизовать' with 'авторизировать' (a less common variant) - Error: Using 'авторизировать' incorrectly as if it's the same; Correct: Stick to 'авторизовать' for standard usage, as it's the accepted form in modern Russian. Explanation: 'Авторизировать' is outdated or regional; it might confuse native speakers.
• Omitting the direct object - Error: Saying 'Я авторизую' without specifying what; Correct: 'Я авторизую доступ'; Explanation: Russian verbs like this need context for clarity, unlike English where it's implied.
• Mixing with English terms - Error: Saying 'авторизовать логин' instead of 'ввести логин для авторизации'; Correct: Use full Russian phrases; Explanation: This hybrid can sound unnatural; integrate fully into Russian syntax.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, concepts like 'авторизовать' often tie into bureaucratic processes, reflecting a historical emphasis on official permissions in government and daily life. For instance, in Russia, obtaining authorizations for various activities (e.g., travel or business) can involve extensive paperwork, highlighting a cultural value on formal validation over self-authorization common in Western contexts.

Related Concepts:

• логин (login)
• пароль (password)
• доступ (access)
• идентификация (identification)