Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Appraisal'

English Word: appraisal

Key Russian Translations:

• оценка [ˈot͡sɛnkə] - [Formal, General Use]
• экспертиза [ɛkspɛrˈtʲizə] - [Formal, Often Technical or Professional]

Frequency: Medium

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate) for "оценка"; B2 (Upper-Intermediate) for "экспертиза"

Pronunciation (Russian):

оценка: [ˈot͡sɛnkə]

Note on оценка: Stress falls on the first syllable. The "ц" sound is a sharp, unaspirated "ts".

экспертиза: [ɛkspɛrˈtʲizə]

Note on экспертиза: Stress on the third syllable. The "р" is rolled slightly, and "т" is softened before "и".

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Assessment or Evaluation (General)

Translation(s) & Context:

• оценка - Commonly used for general evaluation, such as performance reviews or value assessments.

Usage Examples:

• Её оценка работы была очень высокой.

  Her appraisal of the work was very high.

• Оценка недвижимости требует опыта.

  The appraisal of real estate requires experience.

• Мы получили положительную оценку от клиента.

  We received a positive appraisal from the client.

2. Expert Evaluation (Technical/Professional)

Translation(s) & Context:

• экспертиза - Used in formal, professional, or technical contexts, often for expert analysis or inspection.

Usage Examples:

• Экспертиза показала дефекты в конструкции.

  The appraisal revealed defects in the construction.

• Судебная экспертиза подтвердила подлинность документа.

  The legal appraisal confirmed the authenticity of the document.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

оценка (Feminine Noun, 1st Declension):

экспертиза (Feminine Noun, 1st Declension): Follows similar declension patterns as "оценка".

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for оценка:

• анализ
• суждение

Note: "анализ" implies a more detailed breakdown, while "суждение" is often more subjective.

Antonyms for оценка:

• игнорирование

Related Phrases:

• дать оценку - To give an appraisal or assessment.
• высокая оценка - High appraisal or praise.
• провести экспертизу - To conduct an expert appraisal.

Usage Notes:

• "оценка" is the more versatile and commonly used term for "appraisal" in everyday contexts, such as grading, reviews, or general evaluations.
• "экспертиза" is reserved for formal or technical appraisals, often involving expert knowledge (e.g., forensic or legal evaluations).
• Be mindful of the context when choosing between the two translations, as using "экспертиза" in casual settings may sound overly formal or inappropriate.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "экспертиза" for casual evaluations. Incorrect: Я сделал экспертизу его работы (I did an appraisal of his work). Correct: Я сделал оценку его работы.
• Error: Misusing case endings with "оценка". Incorrect: Я доволен с оценка. Correct: Я доволен оценкой (Instrumental case required after "доволен").

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, giving an "оценка" (appraisal) can carry significant weight, especially in educational or professional settings. Formal appraisals, such as grades or performance reviews, are often taken very seriously, and direct criticism may be softened to avoid offense.

Related Concepts:

• критика (criticism)
• рейтинг (rating)
• отзыв (review)