Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'amortize'

English Word: amortize

Key Russian Translations:

• Амортизировать (/ɐ.mɐrʲ.tʲɪ.zʲɪˈrʊ.və.tʲ/) - [Formal, used in financial and accounting contexts]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in professional, business, and financial discussions, but less frequent in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate - Requires understanding of financial terminology and verb conjugation; suitable for learners with a solid grasp of basic Russian grammar)

Pronunciation (Russian):

Амортизировать: /ɐ.mɐrʲ.tʲɪ.zʲɪˈrʊ.və.tʲ/

Note on Амортизировать: The stress falls on the fourth syllable ("ri"), which is a common challenge for English speakers due to the word's length and the Russian palatalized consonants (e.g., 'тʲ' sounds like a soft 't'). Pronunciation may vary slightly in rapid speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Primary Meaning: To gradually write off the initial cost of an asset over a period of time, typically in accounting or finance.

Translation(s) & Context:

• Амортизировать - Used in formal financial contexts, such as business reports or loan agreements, to describe the process of spreading costs over time.

Usage Examples:

• Компания амортизирует стоимость оборудования в течение пяти лет.

  The company amortizes the cost of the equipment over five years.

• В бухгалтерском учете важно амортизировать активы для точного отражения финансового состояния.

  In accounting, it's important to amortize assets to accurately reflect the financial state.

• Банк амортизирует долг клиента через ежемесячные платежи.

  The bank amortizes the client's debt through monthly payments.

• Если вы амортизируете инвестицию правильно, это поможет минимизировать налоговые обязательства.

  If you amortize the investment properly, it will help minimize tax obligations.

• В кризисные периоды компании часто вынуждены амортизировать убытки быстрее, чем планировали.

  During crisis periods, companies often have to amortize losses faster than planned.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Амортизировать" is a verb of the first conjugation in Russian, which follows regular patterns but requires attention to aspect (perfective and imperfective forms). It is based on the imperfective aspect. Below is a table outlining key inflections:

Note: The perfective aspect is "замортизировать" for completed actions, e.g., "Мы замортизировали актив в прошлом году" (We amortized the asset last year). It remains regular but changes based on context.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Списывать (spisyvat' - to write off, more general in accounting)
  • Ставить на амортизацию (stavit' na amortizatsiyu - to put on amortization, less direct but common in practice; note: this is a phrase, not a single word)
  (Fine distinctions: "Списывать" is broader and can apply to any write-off, while "Амортизировать" specifically implies gradual depreciation.)
• Antonyms:
  • Капитализировать (kapitalizirovat' - to capitalize, treating costs as assets rather than expenses)

Related Phrases:

• Амортизация кредита (amortizatsiya kredita) - Amortization of a loan; used in banking to describe scheduled repayments.
• Линейная амортизация (lineynaya amortizatsiya) - Straight-line amortization; refers to a method where costs are evenly spread over time.
• Ускоренная амортизация (uskorennaya amortizatsiya) - Accelerated amortization; implies a faster depreciation schedule, often for tax purposes.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, "амортизировать" directly corresponds to the English "amortize" in financial contexts, but it's more formal and typically used in written documents like contracts or reports. Unlike English, Russian verbs require conjugation based on subject and tense, so always match it to the sentence's grammatical structure. For example, choose between imperfective ("амортизировать") for ongoing processes or perfective ("замортизировать") for completed ones. In everyday speech, Russians might opt for simpler synonyms like "списывать" if the context is less technical. When selecting translations, prefer "амортизировать" for precise accounting discussions to maintain formality.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using the infinitive form "амортизировать" incorrectly in conjugated sentences, e.g., saying "Я амортизировать актив" instead of "Я амортизирую актив".

  Correct: "Я амортизирую актив" (I amortize the asset). Explanation: Russian verbs must agree with the subject in person and number; the infinitive is only for base forms or after certain auxiliaries.

• Error: Confusing it with "амортизация" (a noun meaning amortization), e.g., using "амортизация" as a verb. Correct: Use "амортизировать" for the action; for example, say "Мы амортизируем долг" instead of "Мы амортизация долг".

  Explanation: "Амортизация" is a feminine noun, not a verb, so it can't replace the verbal form in action-oriented sentences.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian business culture, terms like "амортизировать" are heavily influenced by Soviet-era accounting practices, which emphasized state-controlled economies. Today, it's commonly used in international finance, reflecting Russia's integration into global markets, but learners should note that in informal settings, people might avoid such technical jargon in favor of simpler language, highlighting a cultural preference for directness in non-professional conversations.

Related Concepts:

• Инвестиция (investitsiya - investment)
• Долг (dolg - debt)
• Бухгалтерский учет (bukhgalterskiy uchet - accounting)