Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'also'

English Word: also

Key Russian Translations:

• также [ˈtakʐɨ] - [Formal, Neutral]
• тоже [ˈtoʐɨ] - [Informal, Conversational]

Frequency: High (Both translations are very commonly used)

Difficulty: A1 (Beginner - Both translations are easy to learn and use)

Pronunciation (Russian):

также: [ˈtakʐɨ]

Note on также: The stress is on the first syllable. The "ж" sound is like the 's' in "measure".

тоже: [ˈtoʐɨ]

Note on тоже: Stress is on the first syllable. Similar "ж" sound as in "также".

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Indicating Addition or Similarity (as in "also" or "too")

Translation(s) & Context:

• также - Used in formal or written contexts to add information (e.g., in reports or academic writing).
• тоже - Used in informal or conversational contexts to express similarity or agreement (e.g., "me too").

Usage Examples:

• Я также хочу участвовать в этом проекте.

  I also want to participate in this project.

• Мы также рассмотрим другие варианты.

  We will also consider other options.

• Я тоже люблю читать книги.

  I also love reading books. (or "Me too, I love reading books.")

• Он тоже был на вечеринке вчера.

  He was also at the party yesterday.

• Если ты идешь, то я тоже пойду.

  If you’re going, then I’ll also go.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

также and тоже are adverbs and do not change form. They remain invariable regardless of the grammatical context (gender, number, case, or tense).

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for также/тоже:

• ещё
• к тому же (more formal, meaning "besides")

Note: "ещё" can sometimes mean "still" or "yet," so context matters when choosing between these synonyms.

Antonyms for также/тоже:

• нисколько (meaning "not at all")

Related Phrases:

• к тому же - "besides" or "moreover" (used to add an argument or point in a formal tone).
• и я тоже - "and me too" (common conversational phrase to express agreement or similarity).
• также как и - "just as" or "as well as" (used for comparisons).

Usage Notes:

• также is more formal and often used in written or structured speech to add information or points. It is closer to "furthermore" or "as well" in tone.
• тоже is conversational and typically used to express agreement or similarity, akin to "me too" or "also" in spoken English.
• Placement in a sentence matters: тоже often appears after the subject or verb it relates to, while также can be more flexible but often appears at the beginning of a clause.
• Neither word should be confused with "ещё" when the latter means "still" or "yet."

Common Errors:

• Error: Using также in casual conversation, making speech sound overly formal or stiff. For example, saying "Я также приду" in a friendly chat. Correction: Use тоже instead: "Я тоже приду."

• Error: Confusing тоже with ещё in contexts where "ещё" means "still." For example, saying "Я тоже не закончил" when intending to say "I still haven’t finished." Correction: Use "Я ещё не закончил."

Cultural Notes:

In Russian conversational culture, тоже is often used to build rapport or show agreement, much like "me too" in English. It’s a way to connect with the speaker, so it’s very common in informal settings. On the other hand, также is more neutral and lacks this personal tone, so it’s reserved for objective or formal additions.

Related Concepts:

• ещё (still, yet, more)
• кроме того (besides, moreover)
• вдобавок (in addition)