Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'alkaloid'

English Word: alkaloid

Key Russian Translations:

• алкалоид /ɐl.kɐˈlɔjd/ - [Formal, Scientific; Used in academic, medical, and chemical contexts]

Frequency: Medium (Common in scientific literature and educational materials, but less frequent in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: Advanced (C1; Requires familiarity with scientific terminology and Russian noun declensions for non-native learners)

Pronunciation (Russian):

алкалоид: /ɐl.kɐˈlɔjd/

Note on алкалоид: The stress falls on the third syllable ("lóyd"), which can be tricky for English speakers due to the Russian-specific vowel reductions in unstressed syllables. Pronounce the "л" as a clear [l] sound.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

A class of naturally occurring organic compounds containing nitrogen, often with pharmacological effects.

Translation(s) & Context:

• алкалоид - Used in scientific, medical, or botanical contexts to refer to alkaloids like morphine or caffeine; typically formal and precise.

Usage Examples:

• В коре этого дерева содержится алкалоид, который используется в медицине.

  In the bark of this tree, there is an alkaloid that is used in medicine.

• Учёные изучают, как алкалоиды влияют на нервную систему человека.

  Scientists are studying how alkaloids affect the human nervous system.

• Этот растительный алкалоид имеет сильные обезболивающие свойства.

  This plant alkaloid has strong pain-relieving properties.

• В фармацевтике алкалоид часто извлекают из тропических растений для производства лекарств.

  In pharmaceuticals, alkaloids are often extracted from tropical plants to produce medicines.

• Алкалоид в чае и кофе может стимулировать мозговую деятельность.

  The alkaloid in tea and coffee can stimulate brain activity.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Алкалоид" is a masculine noun (мужской род) in Russian, which follows the standard second declension pattern. It is indeclinable in the nominative singular form but changes in other cases and numbers. Below is a table outlining its basic inflections:

Note: As a loanword, it may sometimes be used without full declension in informal scientific writing, but standard Russian grammar requires these changes.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • азотсодержащее основание (used interchangeably in chemical contexts, emphasizing the nitrogen base structure)
  • щелочное вещество (less precise, but applicable in broader alkalinity discussions)
• Antonyms: Not typically applicable, as "алкалоид" is a specific chemical category without direct opposites.

Related Phrases:

• натуральный алкалоид - Natural alkaloid; Refers to alkaloids derived from plants, commonly used in herbal medicine.
• алкалоид морфина - Morphine alkaloid; A specific example in pharmacology, highlighting derivatives.
• экстракт алкалоида - Alkaloid extract; Used in discussions of pharmaceutical processing.

Usage Notes:

"Алкалоид" is a direct loanword from English/Greek roots and is primarily used in formal, scientific, or educational contexts in Russian. It corresponds precisely to the English "alkaloid" in meaning, but English speakers should note that Russian requires correct declension based on sentence structure (e.g., use genitive for possession). In everyday Russian, it's rare outside of technical fields; opt for simpler terms in casual conversation. When multiple translations exist, "алкалоид" is the most accurate and widely accepted in modern Russian.

Common Errors:

• Error: Misdeclining the noun, e.g., using "алкалоид" in the genitive as "алкалоид" instead of "алкалоида". Correct: "Извлечение алкалоида" (Extraction of the alkaloid). Explanation: Russian nouns must agree in case, so learners often forget to adjust for genitive or dative forms.

• Error: Pronouncing it with English stress, e.g., /ˈæl.kə.lɔɪd/ instead of /ɐl.kɐˈlɔjd/. Correct: Focus on the Russian stress pattern to avoid confusion in spoken language. Explanation: This can lead to misunderstandings in academic discussions.

Cultural Notes:

While "алкалоид" itself is a scientific term without strong cultural connotations, it relates to Russia's history in pharmacology and botany. For instance, alkaloids like those in traditional Russian herbal remedies (e.g., from Siberian plants) have been used in folk medicine, reflecting a cultural appreciation for natural compounds in health practices.

Related Concepts:

• морфин (morphine)
• кофеин (caffeine)
• щелочь (alkali)