act
Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Act'
English Word: Act
Key Russian Translations:
- действовать [ˈdʲejstvəvətʲ] - [Verb, General Use]
- акт [akt] - [Noun, Formal/Document]
- играть [ɪˈɡratʲ] - [Verb, Perform/Act in Theater]
Frequency: High (all translations are commonly used in respective contexts)
Difficulty:
- действовать: B1 (Intermediate)
- акт: A2 (Elementary)
- играть: B1 (Intermediate)
Pronunciation (Russian):
действовать: [ˈdʲejstvəvətʲ]
Note on действовать: Stress falls on the first syllable. The "дей" sound is a soft 'd' followed by a diphthong-like 'ei'.
акт: [akt]
Note on акт: A straightforward pronunciation with stress on the single syllable.
играть: [ɪˈɡratʲ]
Note on играть: Stress on the second syllable. The final 'тʲ' is a soft 't' sound.
Audio: []
Meanings and Usage:
1. To perform an action or behave (Verb)
Translation(s) & Context:
- действовать - Used for taking action or functioning in a general sense.
Usage Examples:
-
Нам нужно действовать быстро, чтобы успеть.
We need to act quickly to make it on time.
-
Этот закон действует с прошлого года.
This law has been in effect since last year.
-
Он действовал без разрешения.
He acted without permission.
2. A formal document or decree (Noun)
Translation(s) & Context:
- акт - Refers to an official document, certificate, or record.
Usage Examples:
-
Акт о рождении был утерян.
The birth certificate was lost.
-
Подпишите этот акт, пожалуйста.
Please sign this document.
3. To perform in theater or film (Verb)
Translation(s) & Context:
- играть - Used specifically for acting in a play, movie, or performance.
Usage Examples:
-
Она играет главную роль в новом фильме.
She acts in the lead role in the new movie.
-
Он играет в театре уже десять лет.
He has been acting in the theater for ten years.
-
Ты умеешь играть на сцене?
Do you know how to act on stage?
Russian Forms/Inflections:
действовать (Verb, Imperfective): Regular conjugation in the present, past, and future tenses.
Person | Present | Past (M/F/N) | Future |
---|---|---|---|
Я (I) | действую | действовал/действовала/действовало | буду действовать |
Ты (You) | действуешь | действовал/действовала/действовало | будешь действовать |
Он/Она/Оно (He/She/It) | действует | действовал/действовала/действовало | будет действовать |
акт (Noun, Masculine): Declines according to the second declension pattern for masculine nouns.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | акт | акты |
Genitive | акта | актов |
Dative | акту | актам |
играть (Verb, Imperfective): Regular conjugation, similar to "действовать".
Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:
Synonyms for действовать:
- работать (to work, function)
- поступать (to behave, proceed)
Note: "работать" is more specific to functioning mechanisms, while "поступать" often implies behavior or moral choices.
Antonyms for действовать:
- бездействовать (to be inactive)
Related Phrases:
- действовать на нервы - To get on someone's nerves.
- акт сдачи-приёмки - Certificate of delivery and acceptance (formal document).
- играть роль - To play a role (literal or figurative).
Usage Notes:
- "действовать" is the most general translation for "act" as a verb and is often used in contexts of taking action or something being in effect.
- "акт" is strictly a noun and applies to formal contexts like legal or official documents. It does not correspond to the verb "to act".
- "играть" is specific to performance arts or figurative "acting" (e.g., pretending). Choose this translation when referring to theater or role-playing.
Common Errors:
Error 1: Using "акт" as a verb. Incorrect: "Я акт быстро." Correct: "Я действую быстро." (I act quickly.) Explanation: "акт" is a noun and cannot be used as a verb.
Error 2: Confusing "действовать" with "играть". Incorrect: "Я действую в фильме." Correct: "Я играю в фильме." (I act in a movie.) Explanation: "действовать" is not used for theatrical performance.
Cultural Notes:
The word "акт" is frequently encountered in Russian bureaucracy and legal contexts. It carries a formal tone and is often associated with official records like "акт о браке" (marriage certificate). Understanding its use can help navigate formal situations in Russian-speaking environments.
Related Concepts:
- документ (document)
- представление (performance)
- поведение (behavior)