Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'agitated'

English Word: agitated

Key Russian Translations:

• взволнованный [vzvaˈlənəvənnɨj] - [Informal/Formal; Adjective used in emotional contexts]
• возбуждённый [vaˈzbuʒːənɨj] - [Informal; Often implies excitement rather than anxiety]
• раздражённый [rɐzdrɐˈʒɛnnɨj] - [Informal; Used for irritation or annoyance]

Frequency: Medium (Common in everyday conversations, literature, and media discussing emotions)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; Requires understanding of adjective forms and emotional vocabulary, varying slightly by translation)

Pronunciation (Russian):

взволнованный: [vzvaˈlənəvənnɨj]

Note on взволнованный: The stress is on the third syllable; be careful with the 'л' sound, which can be soft. Variations may occur in rapid speech.

возбуждённый: [vaˈzbuʒːənɨj]

Note on возбуждённый: The 'ж' is a voiced fricative; this word might sound similar to English "excited" but carries a more intense connotation.

раздражённый: [rɐzdrɐˈʒɛnnɨj]

Note on раздражённый: Stress on the third syllable; the 'ж' sound is key and can be challenging for beginners.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Emotionally disturbed or anxious (e.g., in stressful situations)

Translation(s) & Context:

• взволнованный - Used in formal and informal contexts to describe someone feeling nervous or upset, such as during a crisis.
• возбуждённый - Applied in informal settings for heightened emotional states, like excitement mixed with anxiety.

Usage Examples:

• Он был взволнованный после новости о задержке поезда.

  He was agitated after hearing the news about the train delay.

• Дети стали возбуждённые от шума на улице.

  The children became agitated from the noise on the street.

• Взволнованный менеджер не мог сосредоточиться на встрече.

  The agitated manager couldn't focus on the meeting.

• Она почувствовала себя возбуждённой из-за неожиданного звонка.

  She felt agitated due to the unexpected phone call.

• Взволнованный толпой протестующих, он поспешил уйти.

  Agitated by the crowd of protesters, he hurried away.

Meaning 2: Irritated or annoyed (e.g., in response to annoyance)

Translation(s) & Context:

• раздражённый - Common in everyday informal speech for expressing frustration or mild anger.
• взволнованный - Less common here, but can be used if the irritation stems from anxiety.

Usage Examples:

• Раздражённый шумом, он закрыл окно.

  Agitated by the noise, he closed the window.

• Она была раздражённая из-за постоянных опозданий.

  She was agitated due to the constant delays.

• Раздражённый коллега прервал обсуждение.

  The agitated colleague interrupted the discussion.

• Взволнованный и раздражённый, он решил уйти с вечеринки.

  Agitated and annoyed, he decided to leave the party.

• Раздражённый плохим обслуживанием, клиент подал жалобу.

  Agitated by the poor service, the customer filed a complaint.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

These translations are primarily adjectives, which inflect based on gender, number, and case in Russian. For example, "взволнованный" follows standard adjective patterns with no irregularities.

For "возбуждённый" and "раздражённый", similar inflection rules apply as they are also adjectives and do not have irregular forms.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • нервный (nervnyj) - More general for nervous states.
  • тревожный (trevozhnyj) - Emphasizes worry or anxiety.
• Antonyms:
  • спокойный (spokojnyj) - Calm or peaceful.
  • уравновешенный (uravnovyoshënnyj) - Balanced or composed.

Related Phrases:

• взволнованный голос - A voice full of agitation (used in emotional conversations).
• раздражённый ответ - An irritated response (common in arguments or customer service).
• быть в возбуждённом состоянии - To be in an agitated state (describes prolonged emotional unrest).

Usage Notes:

"Agitated" in English often corresponds to "взволнованный" in Russian for emotional anxiety, but choose "раздражённый" if the context involves annoyance. These words are versatile across formal and informal settings, but "возбуждённый" might carry a sexual connotation in some contexts, so use cautiously. Grammatically, they agree with the noun they modify in gender, number, and case. For learners, start with simple sentences to practice inflections.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "взволнованный" interchangeably with "возбуждённый" without considering nuance. Incorrect: Он был возбуждённый от простого шума (implying excitement). Correct: Он был взволнованный от простого шума (for anxiety). Explanation: "Возбуждённый" can imply positive excitement, leading to miscommunication.
• Error: Forgetting adjective agreement, e.g., saying "взволнованный женщина" instead of "взволнованная женщина". Incorrect: взволнованный женщина. Correct: взволнованная женщина. Explanation: Russian adjectives must match the noun's gender.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, expressing agitation like "взволнованный" is often tied to emotional restraint in public settings, influenced by historical stoicism. For instance, in literature such as Dostoevsky's works, characters' agitated states reflect inner turmoil, highlighting the value placed on emotional depth in interpersonal relationships.

Related Concepts:

• тревога (trevoga) - Anxiety.
• эмоциональный (emotsionalnyj) - Emotional.
• нервы (nervy) - Nerves.