Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'wrap'

English Word: wrap

Key Russian Translations:

• завернуть [zəvʲɪrˈnutʲ] - [Informal, Verb; used in everyday contexts for wrapping objects]
• обертка [ɐˈbʲertkə] - [Noun; refers to a covering or wrapper]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in daily conversation and written Russian, but not as ubiquitous as basic verbs)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires understanding of verb conjugations for "завернуть" and noun declensions for "обертка", per CEFR standards)

Pronunciation (Russian):

завернуть: [zəvʲɪrˈnutʲ]

обертка: [ɐˈbʲertkə]

Note on завернуть: The stress falls on the third syllable, and the 'в' sound can be softened in rapid speech; be cautious with the palatalized consonants.

Note on обертка: Pronounce with a soft 'б' and a clear 'р'; variations may occur in dialects.

Audio: Listen to "завернуть" | Listen to "обертка"

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: To cover or enclose something (as a verb)

Translation(s) & Context:

• завернуть - Used in informal or everyday situations, such as wrapping gifts or food; appropriate in spoken language or casual writing.

Usage Examples:

• Я заверну подарок в яркую бумагу, чтобы он выглядел празднично.

  I will wrap the gift in bright paper to make it look festive.

• Она всегда завернет еду в фольгу перед поездкой.

  She always wraps the food in foil before a trip.

• Магазин предлагает услугу завернуть покупки в подарочную упаковку.

  The store offers a service to wrap purchases in gift wrapping.

• Не забудь завернуть цветы в целлофан, чтобы они не помялись.

  Don't forget to wrap the flowers in cellophane so they don't get crushed.

Meaning 2: A covering or wrapper (as a noun)

Translation(s) & Context:

• обертка - Used for physical wrappers like packaging; common in commercial or descriptive contexts.

Usage Examples:

• Сними обертку с конфет, прежде чем есть.

  Remove the wrapper from the candy before eating.

• Эта обертка сделана из переработанного пластика.

  This wrapper is made from recycled plastic.

• Обертка книги была повреждена во время доставки.

  The book's wrapper was damaged during delivery.

• В обертке продукта указаны ингредиенты и срок годности.

  The product's wrapper lists the ingredients and expiration date.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For "завернуть" (a verb), it follows the pattern of first-conjugation verbs with irregularities in some forms. It is imperfective and can be aspectualized with perfective counterparts.

For "обертка" (a feminine noun, first declension), it declines regularly by case and number:

Note: "обертка" does not have irregular forms, making it straightforward for learners.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • упаковать (upakovat') - Similar to завернуть but more general for packaging.
  • забинтовать (zabinovat') - Used specifically for wrapping with bandages; more formal.
• Antonyms:
  • распаковать (raspakovat') - To unwrap or unpack.
  • снять (snat') - To remove a covering.

Related Phrases:

• Завернуть в подарочную бумагу - To wrap in gift paper; used for presents during holidays.
• Сменная обертка - Replacement wrapper; common in product descriptions.
• Завернуть с собой - To wrap up to take away; often in food contexts, like in restaurants.

Usage Notes:

"Завернуть" is best used for actions involving enclosing or covering, and it's more idiomatic in informal Russian than formal equivalents like "упаковать". For English speakers, note that Russian verbs often require aspect (imperfective/perfective), so pair "завернуть" with its perfective form for completed actions. "Обертка" directly corresponds to a physical wrapper but may imply disposable packaging in commercial contexts. Choose between translations based on context: use "завернуть" for verbs and "обертка" for nouns. Be mindful of gender agreement in sentences, as "обертка" is feminine.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "завернуть" without specifying the aspect, e.g., saying "Я заверну" when a perfective form is needed for a completed action. Correct: "Я заверну подарок" (future), but for past, use "Я завернул". Explanation: Russian verbs must convey aspect; this mistake can confuse tense and completion.

• Error: Declining "обертка" incorrectly in sentences, e.g., saying "в обертка" instead of "в обертке" (dative case). Correct: "Положи в обертке" (Put it in the wrapper). Explanation: Learners often overlook Russian case endings, leading to grammatical errors.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, "завернуть" is commonly associated with gift-giving traditions, such as during New Year's or birthdays, where presents are elaborately wrapped to symbolize care and thoughtfulness. "Обертка" might evoke Soviet-era packaging, which was often minimalist, reflecting historical resourcefulness in daily life.

Related Concepts:

• упаковка (packaging)
• заворачивание (wrapping process)
• фольга (foil, often used in wrapping)