Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'works'

English Word: works

Key Russian Translations:

• работать /rɐˈbatʲɪtʲ/ - [Verb, Infinitive, Formal and Informal]
• работы /rɐˈbotɨ/ - [Noun, Plural, Formal, Refers to 'works' as in creative or industrial output]
• завод /zɐˈvot/ - [Noun, Masculine, Formal, Specifically for 'works' as in a factory or industrial plant]

Frequency: High (Common in everyday conversation, literature, and professional contexts)

Difficulty: B1 for 'работать' (Intermediate, as it involves basic verb conjugation); B2 for 'работы' and 'завод' (Upper-Intermediate, due to noun declensions)

Pronunciation (Russian):

работать: /rɐˈbatʲɪtʲ/ (Stress on the second syllable; the 'тʲ' is palatalized, which is a common feature in Russian verbs.)

работы: /rɐˈbotɨ/ (The final 'ы' is a reduced vowel, often pronounced quickly in casual speech.)

завод: /zɐˈvot/ (The 'з' is voiced, and stress is on the second syllable; note the soft 'в' sound.)

Note on работать: Be cautious with the palatalization in the middle; non-native speakers often soften it incorrectly. Regional variations may occur in accents.

Audio: Audio playback placeholder for 'работать' (Insert audio file link here)

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: To perform work or labor (Verb form, equivalent to 'to work' in English)

Translation(s) & Context:

• работать - Used in professional, daily life, or metaphorical contexts, such as employment or functioning (e.g., a machine works).

Usage Examples:

• Я работаю в офисе с девяти до пяти. (Ya rabotayu v ofise s devyati do pyati.)

  I work in the office from nine to five. (This example shows the verb in a simple present tense for daily routines.)

• Эта машина не работает properly. (Eta mashina ne rabotaet properly.)

  This machine doesn't work properly. (Illustrates use in describing mechanical failure, with 'properly' as an English loanword for emphasis.)

• Он работает над важным проектом уже неделю. (On rabotaet nad vazhnym proektom uzhe nedelyu.)

  He has been working on an important project for a week already. (Demonstrates the verb with prepositions in ongoing actions.)

• Мы все работаем вместе, чтобы добиться успеха. (My vse rabotaem vmeste, chtoby dostich' uspekha.)

  We all work together to achieve success. (Shows plural conjugation and collaborative contexts.)

• Когда я устаю, я перестаю работать эффективно. (Kogda ya ustayu, ya peresta yu rabotat' effektivno.)

  When I get tired, I stop working effectively. (Highlights the verb in negative or conditional sentences.)

Meaning 2: Creative or industrial output (Noun form, e.g., 'works' as in artworks or factory works)

Translation(s) & Context:

• работы - Used for collections of works, like literary or artistic pieces, in formal or academic settings.
• завод - Specifically for industrial works, such as a manufacturing plant, in technical or everyday contexts.

Usage Examples:

• Его работы выставлены в музее. (Yego raboty vystavleny v muzee.)

  His works are exhibited in the museum. (Refers to artistic creations in a cultural context.)

• Завод работает круглосуточно. (Zavod rabotaet kruglosutochno.)

  The works (factory) operates around the clock. (Shows 'завод' in an industrial setting.)

• Эти работы Пушкина известны во всем мире. (Eti raboty Pushkina izvestny vo vsem mire.)

  These works by Pushkin are known worldwide. (Illustrates plural noun use for literary works.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For 'работать' (verb), it is a first-conjugation verb with regular patterns. It changes based on tense, aspect, and person. Below is a conjugation table for the present tense:

For 'работы' (noun, feminine plural), it declines as a first-declension noun: Nominative - работы; Genitive - работ; Dative - работам; etc. It is invariant in plural form.

For 'завод' (noun, masculine), it follows standard masculine declension: Nominative - завод; Genitive - завода; Dative - заводу; etc.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • трудиться (/trʊˈdʲɪt͡ɕɪ/) - Similar to 'работать' but implies more effort or labor-intensive work.
  • заниматься (/zɐˈnʲɪmɐt͡ɕɪ/) - Used for engaging in work, especially intellectual or professional tasks.
• Antonyms:
  • отдыхать (/ɐtˈdɨxɐtʲ/) - To rest, opposite of working.
  • бездельничать (/bʲɪzˈdʲɛlʲnʲɪt͡ɕɐtʲ/) - To idle or be lazy.

Related Phrases:

• Работать над проектом - Working on a project (Common in professional contexts, implying focused effort).
• Заводской труд - Factory work (Refers to industrial labor, often with connotations of manual jobs).
• Творческие работы - Creative works (Used in artistic or literary discussions).

Usage Notes:

• Russian verbs like 'работать' are aspectual; pair it with perfective forms (e.g., 'сработать') for completed actions to match English precisely.
• 'Работы' is plural and doesn't have a direct singular equivalent for 'work' as output; use 'работа' for singular job/task.
• In formal contexts, 'работать' is neutral, but in casual speech, it's interchangeable with synonyms based on nuance (e.g., 'трудиться' for emphasis on hardship).
• When translating 'works' as a factory, 'завод' is ideal for Russian settings; avoid direct English borrowings.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'работать' without proper aspect (e.g., saying "Я работаю завтра" instead of "Я буду работать завтра"). Correct: "Я буду работать завтра" (I will work tomorrow). Explanation: Russian requires the future tense construction for future actions.
• Error: Confusing declensions, e.g., using 'завод' in the wrong case (e.g., "в завод" instead of "в заводе"). Correct: "в заводе" (in the factory). Explanation: Prepositions dictate case changes, which English speakers often overlook.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, 'работать' often reflects the historical emphasis on labor in Soviet times, where work was glorified as a societal duty. Terms like 'завод' evoke industrial heritage, such as in cities like Magnitogorsk, symbolizing collective effort and resilience.

Related Concepts:

• работа
• труд
• производство