Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'weld'

English Word: weld

Key Russian Translations:

• сваривать [svɐˈrivatʲ] - [Verb, Informal]
• сварка [ˈsvar.kə] - [Noun, Formal]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in technical and industrial contexts, but not in everyday casual conversation)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires understanding of basic verb conjugations and technical vocabulary for learners)

Pronunciation (Russian):

сваривать: [svɐˈrivatʲ] (The stress is on the second syllable; the 'в' sound is similar to 'v' in English "victory")

сварка: [ˈsvar.kə] (Stress on the first syllable; the final 'a' is reduced in casual speech)

Note on сваривать: This verb has palatalization in some forms, which can be tricky for beginners; for example, the 'тʲ' sound softens the preceding consonant.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

To join metals by heating (Verb form)

Translation(s) & Context:

• сваривать - Used in technical or manufacturing contexts, such as in factories or engineering discussions.

Usage Examples:

• Мы должны сваривать эти металлические детали вместе для прочности. (We need to weld these metal parts together for strength.)

  English: We need to weld these metal parts together for strength.

• Инженер сваривает трубы в мастерской. (The engineer is welding pipes in the workshop.)

  English: The engineer is welding pipes in the workshop.

• Чтобы отремонтировать забор, мне пришлось сваривать сломанные секции. (To repair the fence, I had to weld the broken sections.)

  English: To repair the fence, I had to weld the broken sections.

• Сваривать материалы на открытом воздухе опасно без защитного оборудования. (Welding materials outdoors is dangerous without protective gear.)

  English: Welding materials outdoors is dangerous without protective gear.

The act or process of welding (Noun form)

Translation(s) & Context:

• сварка - Refers to the process or result of welding, often in professional or industrial settings.

Usage Examples:

• Сварка металлов требует специальных навыков и оборудования. (Welding of metals requires special skills and equipment.)

  English: Welding of metals requires special skills and equipment.

• В ходе сварки могут возникать искры, поэтому носите маску. (During welding, sparks can occur, so wear a mask.)

  English: During welding, sparks can occur, so wear a mask.

• Эта сварка была выполнена профессионально, без дефектов. (This welding was done professionally, without defects.)

  English: This welding was done professionally, without defects.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For сваривать (a verb of the first conjugation), it follows regular patterns but has palatalized endings. Below is a conjugation table for the present tense:

For сварка (a feminine noun, first declension), it has standard inflections:

• Nominative: сварка (The welding)
• Genitive: сварки (Of the welding)
• Dative: сварке (To the welding)
• Accusative: сварку (The welding, direct object)
• Instrumental: сваркой (With the welding)
• Prepositional: сварке (About the welding)

This noun does not change in plural form for most uses, as it often refers to the process abstractly.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • спаивать (to solder; similar but used for softer metals, often in electronics)
  • соединять (to join; more general, without specifying heat)
• Antonyms:
  • разъединять (to separate; implies breaking apart welded joints)
  • разрушать (to destroy; in the context of structures)

Related Phrases:

• Сварочный аппарат (Welding machine) - A device used for welding processes, essential in industrial work.
• Точечная сварка (Spot welding) - A specific technique for joining metals at points, common in automotive manufacturing.
• Аргоновая сварка (Argon welding) - A method using inert gas, often for precise and clean welds in advanced applications.

Usage Notes:

The English word "weld" corresponds most directly to "сваривать" as a verb and "сварка" as a noun in Russian. Use "сваривать" in contexts involving action, such as manufacturing or repairs, and note its conjugation based on tense and subject. "Сварка" is more static, referring to the process itself. Be mindful of formal contexts in technical fields where precise terminology is key; avoid casual substitutions. For learners, remember that Russian verbs often require aspectual pairs (e.g., imperfective "сваривать" vs. perfective "сварить"), so choose based on completion of action.

Common Errors:

• Mistake: Using "сварка" as a verb, e.g., saying "Я сварка металл" instead of "Я сварливаю металл".
  Correct: "Я сварливаю металл" (I am welding metal). Explanation: "Сварка" is a noun, not a verb, so learners must select the appropriate part of speech.
• Mistake: Incorrect conjugation, e.g., saying "сварвает" for first person instead of "сварливаю".
  Correct: Use the full conjugation table above. Explanation: Russian verbs change based on person, and missing palatalization can make the sentence sound unnatural.
• Mistake: Confusing with "спаивать" (to solder), leading to misuse in contexts like heavy metalwork.
  Correct: Use "сваривать" for high-heat metal joining. Explanation: These are related but distinct; "спаивать" involves lower temperatures.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and industry, welding ("сварка") holds significant importance due to Russia's history in heavy manufacturing and space exploration. For instance, it was crucial in constructing the Soviet-era infrastructure and even the International Space Station components. This reflects a broader emphasis on engineering and resilience in Russian society, where manual trades like welding are highly respected professions.

Related Concepts:

• Пайка (Soldering)
• Клепка (Riveting)
• Литье (Casting)