Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'warning'

English Word: warning

Key Russian Translations:

• предупреждение [prʲɪdʊˈprʲeʐdʲɪnʲɪje] - [Formal, Singular]
• предупреждать [prʲɪdʊˈprʲeʐdʲatʲ] - [Informal/Verbal, Used in contexts like giving advice or alerts]

Frequency: Medium (This word and its forms are commonly encountered in everyday Russian, especially in formal writing, news, and safety instructions.)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate, based on CEFR; involves understanding noun declensions and verb conjugations, which may vary slightly by translation.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

предупреждение: [prʲɪdʊˈprʲeʐdʲɪnʲɪje]

предупреждать: [prʲɪdʊˈprʲeʐdʲatʲ]

Note on предупреждение: The stress falls on the fourth syllable ("pre-DOO-prezh-de-NI-ye"), which can be tricky for English speakers due to the soft consonants and vowel reductions in spoken Russian.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

A statement or event that warns of danger or advises caution.

Translation(s) & Context:

• предупреждение - Used in formal contexts, such as safety signs, legal notices, or public announcements to alert about potential risks.
• предупреждать - Used as a verb in informal or urgent situations, like verbally warning someone in conversation.

Usage Examples:

• Пожалуйста, обратите внимание на предупреждение о возможных опасностях на дороге.

  Please pay attention to the warning about possible dangers on the road.

• Врач предупредил пациента о побочных эффектах лекарства.

  The doctor warned the patient about the side effects of the medication.

• Это предупреждение на этикетке помогает предотвратить несчастные случаи.

  This warning on the label helps prevent accidents.

• Мама всегда предупреждает детей, чтобы они не играли с огнем.

  Mom always warns the children not to play with fire.

• В новостях было предупреждение о надвигающемся шторме.

  There was a warning in the news about an approaching storm.

An advance notice or signal to prepare for something.

Translation(s) & Context:

• предупреждение - Often used in professional or official settings, like weather forecasts or system alerts.

Usage Examples:

• Система безопасности выдала предупреждение о вторжении.

  The security system issued a warning about the intrusion.

• Предупреждение от банка помогло избежать финансового мошенничества.

  The bank's warning helped avoid financial fraud.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

предупреждение is a neuter noun, which follows standard Russian declension patterns. It has regular inflections based on case and number. предупреждать is a verb that conjugates irregularly in some aspects due to Russian verbal patterns.

Note: The noun does not change in gender but inflects regularly. The verb has aspectual pairs (e.g., предупредить for perfective), which are common in Russian.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • оповещение (Notification; more neutral, used for general alerts)
  • уведомление (Advisory; often in official or digital contexts, with a slight emphasis on information delivery)
• Antonyms:
  • разрешение (Permission; implies approval rather than caution)
  • игнорирование (Ignoring; the opposite action of heeding a warning)

Related Phrases:

• Выдавать предупреждение - To issue a warning; Used in official or emergency contexts to indicate proactive alerting.
• Предупреждение о погоде - Weather warning; Common in daily forecasts and media.
• Получить предупреждение - To receive a warning; Implies personal receipt, as in legal or health advice.

Usage Notes:

предупреждение directly corresponds to the English "warning" as a noun, emphasizing caution or prevention, while предупреждать functions as the verb "to warn." In Russian, use предупреждение in formal written contexts like signs or reports, and предупреждать in spoken language for immediacy. Be mindful of case agreements; for example, it must agree with the object in sentences. When choosing between translations, opt for предупреждение for static warnings and предупреждать for dynamic actions. Russian often pairs this with prepositions like "о" (about) for specificity, e.g., "предупреждение о..."

Common Errors:

• Mistake: Using the noun form when a verb is needed, e.g., saying "Я предупреждение" instead of "Я предупреждаю."
  Correct: "Я предупреждаю тебя" (I warn you). Explanation: English speakers might forget to conjugate verbs; always match the subject for proper verb forms.
• Mistake: Incorrect declension, e.g., using "предупреждение" in the genitive case as "предупреждениям" incorrectly.
  Correct: "Об предупреждении" (About the warning). Explanation: Pay attention to case endings to avoid grammatical errors in sentences.
• Mistake: Confusing with similar words like "уведомление," leading to underemphasis on urgency.
  Correct: Use "предупреждение" for danger-focused contexts. Explanation: "уведомление" is more neutral, so select based on context to convey the right level of concern.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, warnings like "предупреждение" are prominent in literature and daily life, reflecting a historical emphasis on preparedness due to events like wars and natural disasters. For instance, Soviet-era safety posters often used similar phrasing to promote caution, embedding it in the cultural psyche as a tool for collective responsibility and resilience.

Related Concepts:

• опасность (Danger)
• сигнал тревоги (Alarm signal)
• предосторожность (Caution)