Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'vaccinate'

English Word: vaccinate

Key Russian Translations:

• вакцинировать /vɐktsʲɪnʲɪrəvatʲ/ - [Formal, Medical context]

Frequency: Medium (Common in healthcare discussions but not everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires familiarity with medical terminology and verb conjugations)

Pronunciation (Russian):

вакцинировать: /vɐktsʲɪnʲɪrəvatʲ/

Note on вакцинировать: The pronunciation involves a soft 'ц' sound (/tsʲ/), which can be challenging for beginners; stress falls on the third syllable. Variations may occur in regional dialects.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

To administer a vaccine to prevent disease

Translation(s) & Context:

• вакцинировать - Used in formal medical or public health contexts, such as discussing immunization programs.

Usage Examples:

• Врачи вакцинируют детей от гриппа каждый год.

  Doctors vaccinate children against the flu every year.

• Правительство планирует вакцинировать население от новой инфекции.

  The government plans to vaccinate the population against the new infection.

• Медсестра вакцинирует пациентов в клинике.

  The nurse vaccinates patients at the clinic.

• Во время пандемии врачи вакцинировали тысячи людей ежедневно.

  During the pandemic, doctors vaccinated thousands of people daily.

• Родители должны вакцинировать своих детей до школы.

  Parents should vaccinate their children before school.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Вакцинировать" is an imperfective verb in Russian, meaning it describes ongoing or repeated actions. It follows the standard conjugation pattern for first-conjugation verbs. Below is a table of its key inflections in the present tense:

Note: For perfective aspect, the related verb is "привить" (to inoculate), but it is less direct. The verb does not have irregular forms, making it straightforward once the pattern is learned.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • прививать (privivat') - More general term for inoculation; often used interchangeably but can imply broader immunization processes.
  • иммунизировать (immunizirovat') - Focuses on building immunity, with subtle differences in scientific contexts.
• Antonyms:
  • инфицировать (infitsirovat') - Means to infect, directly opposite in medical contexts.

Related Phrases:

• Делать прививку - Making a vaccination; used for routine health procedures.
• Массовое вакцинирование - Mass vaccination; common in public health campaigns.
• Вакцина от COVID-19 - Vaccine against COVID-19; refers to specific immunization efforts with cultural relevance.

Usage Notes:

This translation corresponds directly to "vaccinate" in English, particularly in medical and scientific contexts. Use "вакцинировать" for formal settings like healthcare discussions; it is an imperfective verb, so it suits ongoing actions (e.g., "We are vaccinating now"). Be mindful of aspect: pair it with perfective verbs like "привить" for completed actions. In informal speech, Russians might prefer simpler phrases like "сделать прививку." If multiple translations exist, choose based on context—e.g., "прививать" for general inoculation.

Common Errors:

• Error: Confusing "вакцинировать" with "прививать" and using them interchangeably without context. Incorrect: "Я прививаю от вакцины" (grammatically wrong and misleading). Correct: "Я вакцинирую от гриппа." Explanation: "Вакцинировать" specifically means administering a vaccine, while "прививать" can mean broader inoculation; always check the aspect and context to avoid semantic errors.

• Error: Incorrect conjugation, such as saying "вакцинируеть" instead of "вакцинирует." Correct: "Он вакцинирует пациентов." Explanation: Russian verbs end in specific forms based on person and number; learners often omit the soft sign or misplace stress.

Cultural Notes:

In Russia, vaccination is a key aspect of public health policy, influenced by historical events like Soviet-era immunization programs. Terms like "вакцинировать" often carry connotations of state-mandated health initiatives, reflecting a cultural emphasis on collective well-being over individual choice, especially during epidemics.

Related Concepts:

• вакцина (vaccine)
• иммунизация (immunization)
• инфекция (infection)