Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'uproot'

English Word: uproot

Key Russian Translations:

• вырвать с корнем [vɨˈrvaʨ s ˈkornʲim] - [Formal; Literal usage, often in contexts involving plants or metaphorical removal]
• искоренить [ɪskɐˈrʲenʲɪtʲ] - [Formal; More abstract or societal contexts, implying complete eradication]

Frequency: Medium (Common in literature and everyday language, but not as frequent as basic verbs like 'to go' or 'to eat')

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; Requires understanding of verb phrases and metaphorical language; искоренить may be B2 due to its formal connotations)

Pronunciation (Russian):

вырвать с корнем: [vɨˈrvaʨ s ˈkornʲim]

Note on вырвать с корнем: The stress falls on the second syllable of 'вырвать' (vɨ-ˈrvaʨ), which can be tricky for learners due to the soft 'р' sound; it's often used in spoken Russian with emphasis for dramatic effect.

искоренить: [ɪskɐˈrʲenʲɪtʲ]

Note on искоренить: The 'рʲ' is a palatalized 'r', common in Russian verbs; pronunciation may vary slightly in fast speech, softening the initial 'и'.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Literal Meaning: To pull out a plant or object by its roots

Translation(s) & Context:

• вырвать с корнем - Used in physical or gardening contexts, emphasizing complete removal; common in everyday conversations about nature or manual labor.
• искоренить - Less literal, but applicable in contexts like weed removal; implies thoroughness.

Usage Examples:

• Они вырвали старое дерево с корнем, чтобы освободить место для нового сада.

  They uprooted the old tree to make space for a new garden.

• Ветер был так силен, что вырвал кусты с корнем из земли.

  The wind was so strong that it uprooted the bushes from the ground.

• Садовник решил вырвать с корнем все сорняки, чтобы предотвратить их рост.

  The gardener decided to uproot all the weeds to prevent their growth.

• Мы искоренили вредные растения с корнем, используя специальные инструменты.

  We uprooted the harmful plants by the roots using special tools.

Metaphorical Meaning: To eradicate or remove something completely, often abstract like ideas or traditions

Translation(s) & Context:

• искоренить - Preferred in formal or ideological contexts, such as politics or social reform; conveys permanence.
• вырвать с корнем - Used metaphorically in literature or speeches for dramatic effect.

Usage Examples:

• Правительство пытается искоренить коррупцию с корнем, но это сложная задача.

  The government is trying to uproot corruption at its roots, but it's a challenging task.

• Чтобы вырвать с корнем предрассудки, нам нужно изменить образование.

  To uproot prejudices completely, we need to change the education system.

• Реформы aimed to искоренить старые обычаи с корнем из общества.

  The reforms aimed to uproot old customs entirely from society.

• Активисты работали над тем, чтобы вырвать с корнем дискриминацию в повседневной жизни.

  Activists worked to uproot discrimination from everyday life.

• Исторические события помогли искоренить феодализм с корнем в стране.

  Historical events helped to uproot feudalism completely in the country.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both primary translations involve verbs, which in Russian undergo conjugation based on tense, aspect, person, and number. 'Вырвать с корнем' is a phrase where 'вырвать' is a perfective verb, and 'с корнем' is an adverbial phrase. 'Искоренить' is also a perfective verb.

For 'вырвать' (to uproot):

For 'искоренить': It follows a similar perfective pattern but is irregular in some forms due to its root. It is invariant in the sense that it doesn't change for gender in the past tense beyond agreement.

Note: These verbs are perfective, so they are used for completed actions. The phrase 'с корнем' remains unchanged.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • уничтожить (destroy; more general and destructive)
  • изкоренить (eradicate; very similar to искоренить, but slightly more emphatic)
  • выкорчевать (uproot by digging; literal for plants)
• Antonyms:
  • посадить (to plant)
  • укрепить (to strengthen)

Related Phrases:

• Вырвать с корнем зло - To uproot evil completely; Used in moral or philosophical discussions to mean eradicating negative forces.
• Искоренить проблему в зародыше - To uproot a problem in its infancy; Implies addressing issues before they grow, common in problem-solving contexts.
• С корнем выкорчевать традиции - To uproot traditions by the roots; A metaphorical phrase for radical cultural changes.

Usage Notes:

'Uproot' corresponds most directly to 'вырвать с корнем' in literal senses and 'искоренить' in metaphorical ones. Choose 'вырвать с корнем' for physical actions to emphasize completeness, while 'искоренить' is better for abstract concepts like social issues. Be mindful of context: Russian often pairs these with prepositions like 'с корнем' for added emphasis. In formal writing, these verbs are preferred over simpler alternatives to convey depth.

• Grammar note: Always use in perfective aspect for completed actions.
• Register: 'Искоренить' is more formal and academic, suitable for essays; 'Вырвать с корнем' works in both casual and formal speech.

Common Errors:

English learners often misuse 'вырвать с корнем' by omitting 'с корнем', resulting in 'вырвать' alone, which means just 'to tear out' without the full implication of uprooting. For example:

• Incorrect: Они вырвали дерево. (This implies tearing but not complete removal.)
• Correct: Они вырвали дерево с корнем. (Properly conveys uprooting.)
• Explanation: Adding 'с корнем' ensures the metaphorical or literal completeness; without it, the meaning is weaker.

Another error is confusing it with 'вырвать' in isolation, which can lead to miscommunication in metaphorical contexts.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, phrases like 'вырвать с корнем' often appear in literature and folklore to symbolize revolutionary changes, such as in Soviet-era texts where eradicating old systems was a theme. This reflects a historical emphasis on radical transformation, helping users understand the emotional weight behind these words.

Related Concepts:

• корень (root)
• уничтожение (destruction)
• реформы (reforms)