Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'turbine'

English Word: turbine

Key Russian Translations:

• турбина [ˈturbina] - [Formal, Technical]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in technical, engineering, and industrial contexts, but less frequent in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires familiarity with technical vocabulary and basic Russian noun declensions, suitable for learners with some experience in Russian grammar)

Pronunciation (Russian):

турбина: [ˈturbina]

Note on турбина: The stress falls on the first syllable ([ˈtur-]), which is a common feature in Russian loanwords. Be careful with the rolled 'r' sound, which can be challenging for English speakers. Variations in regional accents may slightly alter vowel pronunciation.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Main Meaning: A machine that converts the energy of a fluid (such as steam, gas, or water) into mechanical energy, often used in power generation or propulsion.

Translation(s) & Context:

• турбина - Used in formal and technical contexts, such as engineering discussions, referring to devices in engines, power plants, or aircraft.

Usage Examples:

• В турбине газового двигателя происходит сжатие воздуха для повышения мощности.

  In the turbine of a gas engine, air is compressed to increase power.

• Современные самолёты оснащены высокоэффективными турбинами, которые позволяют достигать больших скоростей.

  Modern airplanes are equipped with highly efficient turbines that allow for high speeds.

• Гидроэлектростанция использует турбину для преобразования энергии воды в электричество.

  A hydroelectric power plant uses a turbine to convert water energy into electricity.

• Инженеры разрабатывают новую турбину, которая будет работать на возобновляемых источниках энергии.

  Engineers are developing a new turbine that will run on renewable energy sources.

• В случае поломки турбины в автомобиле, это может привести к потере ускорения.

  In the event of a turbine failure in a car, it can lead to loss of acceleration.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

турбина is a feminine noun (3rd declension) in Russian, which means it follows standard feminine noun patterns for declension. It is a loanword from English/French and does not have irregular forms. Below is a table showing its basic inflections:

Note: As a technical term, it remains unchanged in most compound phrases, and its plural form is used when referring to multiple units.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: турбонагнетатель (turbocompressor - used for specific types like in automotive contexts; implies forced induction), роторный двигатель (rotary engine - broader but related in mechanism)
• Antonyms: поршень (piston - represents a contrasting mechanical component in engines)

Related Phrases:

• Газовая турбина - A gas turbine; used in power plants for efficient energy conversion.
• Паровая турбина - A steam turbine; commonly found in traditional power generation systems.
• Турбина ветряка - A wind turbine; refers to devices in renewable energy setups.

Usage Notes:

турбина is a direct loanword from English/French, making it straightforward for English speakers, but it's primarily used in formal, technical, or professional settings rather than casual conversation. When translating 'turbine', ensure the context specifies the type (e.g., gas, steam) to choose the most accurate Russian equivalent. Grammatically, as a feminine noun, it must agree in gender, number, and case with accompanying adjectives or verbs. For example, use "большая турбина" (big turbine) in the nominative case. If multiple translations exist, opt for турбина in general engineering contexts, but турбонагнетатель for automotive applications.

Common Errors:

• Mistake: Using the wrong gender or case, e.g., saying "большой турбина" instead of "большая турбина" (incorrectly treating it as masculine).
  Correct: большая турбина (The adjective must be feminine to agree with the noun).
  Explanation: Russian nouns have grammatical gender, so learners often forget to adjust adjectives accordingly.
• Mistake: Pronouncing it as [turˈbina] with stress on the second syllable, which is common in English.
  Correct: [ˈturbina] with stress on the first syllable.
  Explanation: Incorrect stress can make the word harder to understand for native speakers, as Russian phonology relies heavily on stress patterns.
• Mistake: Confusing it with similar words like "турнир" (tournament).
  Correct: Use турбина only for mechanical devices.
  Explanation: This mix-up often occurs due to visual similarity, so context is key in technical discussions.

Cultural Notes:

турбина as a term reflects Russia's industrial heritage, particularly in the context of Soviet-era engineering advancements in aviation and energy production. For instance, it evokes images of iconic Russian aircraft like those designed by Tupolev, where turbines played a crucial role. While not deeply cultural, it highlights the influence of Western technology on Russian language and innovation.

Related Concepts:

• двигатель (engine)
• генератор (generator)
• ротор (rotor)
• компрессор (compressor)