Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'tumour'

English Word: tumour

Key Russian Translations:

• опухоль [ɐˈpuxəlʲ] - [Formal, Medical context; used in professional health discussions]

Frequency: Medium (commonly encountered in medical and scientific literature, but less frequent in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires familiarity with medical terminology and basic Russian noun declensions for accurate usage)

Pronunciation (Russian):

опухоль: [ɐˈpuxəlʲ]

Note on опухоль: The stress falls on the second syllable ('pux'), and the 'х' sound is a guttural fricative, which may be challenging for English speakers. Pronounce it with a soft 'l' at the end, as in many Russian words.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

A mass of tissue formed by the abnormal growth of cells, often implying a potential health risk.

Translation(s) & Context:

• опухоль - Used in formal medical contexts, such as diagnoses or health reports, to describe benign or malignant growths.

Usage Examples:

• У меня обнаружили опухоль в легком, и врачи рекомендуют операцию.

  They found a tumour in my lung, and the doctors recommend surgery.

• Опухоль может быть доброкачественной или злокачественной, в зависимости от ее природы.

  A tumour can be benign or malignant, depending on its nature.

• Врачи провели биопсию, чтобы определить, является ли опухоль раковой.

  The doctors performed a biopsy to determine if the tumour is cancerous.

• Ранняя диагностика опухоли часто приводит к успешному лечению.

  Early diagnosis of a tumour often leads to successful treatment.

• Опухоль в мозге требует немедленного медицинского вмешательства.

  A tumour in the brain requires immediate medical intervention.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Опухоль" is a feminine noun in Russian, belonging to the third declension. It follows standard patterns for feminine nouns ending in a soft consonant. Below is a table of its inflections:

Note: The word is invariant in terms of gender and does not have irregular forms, making it relatively straightforward for learners once basic declension rules are understood.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • новообразование - A more general term for any new growth, often used interchangeably in medical contexts but slightly less specific.
  • неоплазия - Technical synonym, preferred in oncology for abnormal tissue growth.
• Antonyms:
  • здоровье - Literally "health," implying the absence of disease or growths.

Related Phrases:

• доброкачественная опухоль - Benign tumour; used to describe non-cancerous growths that are not life-threatening.
• злокачественная опухоль - Malignant tumour; refers to cancerous growths that can spread.
• операция по удалению опухоли - Surgery to remove a tumour; a common phrase in medical discussions.

Usage Notes:

Тumour" directly corresponds to "опухоль" in Russian, but it's primarily used in formal or medical settings. English speakers should note that Russian requires correct case agreement; for example, use the genitive case after prepositions like "в" (in). When choosing between translations like "опухоль" and "новообразование," opt for "опухоль" in everyday medical conversations for its precision. Be mindful of the word's feminine gender, which affects adjective agreements, e.g., "большая опухоль" (big tumour).

Common Errors:

• Using the wrong case: English learners often forget declensions. Incorrect: "Я имею опухоль" (should be nominative, but context might require genitive). Correct: "У меня опухоль" (prepositional case). Explanation: In Russian, possession typically uses the prepositional case with "у меня."
• Misinterpreting as always negative: Learners might assume "опухоль" only means cancer. Incorrect usage: Treating it as synonymous with "рак" (cancer). Correct: Specify with adjectives like "доброкачественная." Explanation: Not all tumours are malignant, so context is key to avoid alarmist language.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, discussions about health and tumours are often influenced by the country's history of state-provided healthcare. Terms like "опухоль" may evoke memories of Soviet-era medical advancements, such as in oncology research, emphasizing the importance of early detection in a society where public health campaigns are common.

Related Concepts:

• рак
• биопсия
• онкология