Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'tuberculosis'

English Word: tuberculosis

Key Russian Translations:

• туберкулез /tʊˈbɛrkʊlɛz/ - [Formal, Medical Term]

Frequency: Low (Specialized medical vocabulary, not commonly used in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate) - Requires understanding of medical terminology and basic Russian noun declensions

Pronunciation (Russian):

туберкулез: /tʊˈbɛrkʊlɛz/

Note on туберкулез: The stress falls on the third syllable ('ku'), and the 'е' is pronounced as a short 'e' sound. Be cautious with the 'р' sound, which is a rolled 'r' in Russian.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

The infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, affecting the lungs and other organs.

Translation(s) & Context:

• туберкулез - Used in formal medical, health, or scientific contexts, such as discussions about public health or diagnoses.

Usage Examples:

• У него диагностировали туберкулез в ранней стадии.

  He was diagnosed with tuberculosis in its early stage.

• Туберкулез остается серьезной проблемой в некоторых регионах.

  Tuberculosis remains a serious problem in some regions.

• Вакцинация помогает предотвратить туберкулез у детей.

  Vaccination helps prevent tuberculosis in children.

• Лечение туберкулеза требует длительного курса антибиотиков.

  Treating tuberculosis requires a long course of antibiotics.

• Врачи обсуждают вспышку туберкулеза в городской больнице.

  Doctors are discussing an outbreak of tuberculosis in the city hospital.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Туберкулез" is a masculine noun in the second declension. It follows regular patterns for Russian nouns but has specific changes based on case and number. Below is a table of its inflections:

Note: The plural form is less common and used when referring to multiple cases or types of tuberculosis.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • чахотка - An older, more poetic term, often used in literature to refer to tuberculosis, with a connotation of consumption or wasting disease.
  • прогрессирующая чахотка - Specifically for advanced cases, emphasizing progression.
• Antonyms:
  • здоровье (health) - As a general opposite concept, though not a direct antonym.

Related Phrases:

• легочный туберкулез - Pulmonary tuberculosis; refers to the form affecting the lungs.
• туберкулезный бацилл - Tuberculosis bacillus; used in microbiological contexts.
• борьба с туберкулезом - Fight against tuberculosis; common in public health discussions.

Usage Notes:

This term directly corresponds to the English "tuberculosis" and is used exclusively in formal, medical, or scientific settings. It is not appropriate for casual conversation. When using "туберкулез," ensure it agrees with the case required by the sentence structure, as Russian nouns must decline. For example, choose among translations based on context: "туберкулез" for general use, but "чахотка" for literary or historical references. Avoid overusing it in non-medical writing to prevent sounding overly technical.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using the word without proper declension, e.g., saying "Я боюсь туберкулез" instead of "Я боюсь туберкулеза" (genitive case after "боюсь").

  Correct: "Я боюсь туберкулеза." Explanation: In Russian, nouns after verbs like "боюсь" require the genitive case to indicate fear of something.

• Error: Confusing it with similar-sounding terms like "тубероза" (a flower), leading to misuse in sentences.

  Correct: Ensure context is medical; for example, use "туберкулез" only for disease-related topics.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, tuberculosis has historical significance, often depicted in 19th-century literature like Tolstoy's works, where it symbolizes social hardship and poverty. The term "чахотка" carries a romanticized or tragic connotation in poetry, reflecting past epidemics in Russia.

Related Concepts:

• инфекция (infection)
• болезнь (disease)
• вакцина (vaccine)