Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'transcendentalism'

English Word: transcendentalism

Key Russian Translations:

• трансцендентализм /trɑnˈst͡sindəntəˈlizm/ - [Formal, Philosophical term]

Frequency: Low (Primarily used in academic, philosophical, and literary contexts; not common in everyday conversation.)

Difficulty: Advanced (C1-C2 level, as it involves specialized philosophical vocabulary and requires understanding of abstract concepts in Russian.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

трансцендентализм: /trɑnˈst͡sindəntəˈlizm/

Note on трансцендентализм: The stress falls on the fourth syllable ("den"). Be mindful of the soft consonants, such as the 'т͡с' cluster, which can be challenging for English speakers due to differences in Russian palatalization.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Philosophical movement emphasizing intuition and spiritual insight over empirical evidence

Translation(s) & Context:

• трансцендентализм - Used in formal academic discussions, such as philosophy lectures or essays, to refer to the 19th-century American movement influenced by Kantian ideas.

Usage Examples:

• Трансцендентализм повлиял на многих американских писателей, таких как Торо и Эмерсон.

  Transcendentalism influenced many American writers, such as Thoreau and Emerson.

• В философии трансцендентализма акцент делается на индивидуальном опыте и интуиции.

  In the philosophy of transcendentalism, emphasis is placed on individual experience and intuition.

• Современные интерпретации трансцендентализма часто сочетают его с экологией и духовностью.

  Modern interpretations of transcendentalism often combine it with ecology and spirituality.

• Критику трансцендентализма часто адресуют эмпиристы, отвергающие его идеалистический подход.

  Critics of transcendentalism are often empiricists who reject its idealistic approach.

• Трансцендентализм как движение возникло в ответ на рационализм европейской мысли.

  Transcendentalism as a movement arose in response to the rationalism of European thought.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Трансцендентализм" is a masculine noun (ending in -изм), which follows the standard declension pattern for borrowed nouns in Russian. It is inflected based on case, number, and gender, but as a singular abstract concept, it rarely changes in everyday use. Below is a basic inflection table:

Note: This noun does not have a plural form in most contexts, as it refers to a general concept. If used in plural (rare), it would follow standard masculine patterns, e.g., трансцендентализмы (for multiple movements).

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • трансцендентность (transcendence; emphasizes the state rather than the movement)
  • идеализм (idealism; broader term, but with overlapping spiritual aspects)
• Antonyms:
  • эмпиризм (empiricism; focuses on sensory experience over intuition)
  • материализм (materialism; contrasts with its spiritual emphasis)

Related Phrases:

• трансцендентальный идеализм - Refers to a philosophical system combining transcendentalism with idealism, often in Kantian contexts.
• философия трансцендентализма - The philosophy of transcendentalism, used in academic discussions about its principles.
• дух трансцендентализма - The spirit of transcendentalism, implying its inspirational or intuitive essence in cultural or literary settings.

Usage Notes:

"Трансцендентализм" directly corresponds to the English term, particularly in philosophical and literary contexts, but it is a borrowed word and may carry a more formal, academic tone in Russian. It is typically used in written essays, lectures, or discussions about Western philosophy. When choosing this term over synonyms like "идеализм," consider the specific emphasis on intuition and transcendence; for general idealism, "идеализм" might be more appropriate. Grammatically, it functions as a masculine noun and should be inflected according to Russian case requirements in sentences.

Common Errors:

• Error: Mispronouncing the word by placing stress on the wrong syllable, e.g., saying /trɑnˈst͡sindəlizm/ instead of /trɑnˈst͡sindəntəˈlizm/.

  Correct: Focus on the fourth syllable; practice with native audio to master the soft consonants.

• Error: Confusing it with "трансцендентность," using it interchangeably without noting that the latter refers to the quality of transcendence rather than the movement.

  Correct: Use "трансцендентализм" specifically for the philosophical movement; example of error: "Трансцендентность был движением" (incorrect), vs. correct: "Трансцендентализм был движением."

• Error: Failing to inflect properly in sentences, e.g., using the nominative form in all cases.

  Correct: In genitive contexts, say "влияние трансцендентализма" instead of "влияние трансцендентализм."

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, "трансцендентализм" is often discussed in the context of Western philosophy, particularly the influence of Immanuel Kant and American transcendentalists like Emerson. It resonates with Russian intellectual traditions, such as those in 19th-century Russian literature (e.g., Tolstoy's spiritual explorations), where similar themes of intuition and nature are prevalent. However, it is not a native Russian concept, so it's typically framed within comparative studies rather than as a core element of Russian philosophy.

Related Concepts:

• кантианство (Kantianism)
• гегельянство (Hegelianism)
• идеализм (Idealism)
• экзистенциализм (Existentialism)