Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'thyroid'

English Word: thyroid

Key Russian Translations:

• щитовидная железа [ʂɨtɐˈvʲidnəjə ʐɨˈlʲezə] - [Formal, Medical terminology]

Frequency: Medium (Common in medical and scientific contexts, but rare in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate to Advanced; requires familiarity with anatomical vocabulary and Russian noun declensions)

Pronunciation (Russian):

щитовидная железа: [ʂɨtɐˈvʲidnəjə ʐɨˈlʲezə]

Note on щитовидная железа: The initial 'щ' sound is a voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative, which can be challenging for English speakers; it is similar to the 'sh' in 'she' but with more palatalization. Stress falls on the third syllable.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Anatomical term for the thyroid gland in the human body.

Translation(s) & Context:

• щитовидная железа - Used primarily in formal medical, anatomical, or scientific discussions; refers specifically to the endocrine gland in the neck responsible for hormone production.

Usage Examples:

• У меня проблемы с щитовидной железой, и я регулярно посещаю эндокринолога.

  I have problems with my thyroid and regularly visit an endocrinologist.

• Щитовидная железа играет ключевую роль в регуляции метаболизма.

  The thyroid plays a key role in regulating metabolism.

• Врачи диагностировали дисфункцию щитовидной железы у пациента.

  Doctors diagnosed a dysfunction of the thyroid in the patient.

• Щитовидная железа может быть подвержена различным заболеваниям, таким как гипотиреоз.

  The thyroid can be affected by various diseases, such as hypothyroidism.

• В анатомических исследованиях щитовидная железа часто изучается в контексте эндокринной системы.

  In anatomical studies, the thyroid is often examined in the context of the endocrine system.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Щитовидная железа" is a noun phrase where "железа" is a feminine noun from the first declension group in Russian. It follows standard patterns for feminine nouns ending in -a. "Щитовидная" is an adjective that agrees with "железа" in case, number, and gender.

The phrase does not change as a whole, but its components inflect individually. Below is a table showing the inflections for "железа" (the core noun) and how "щитовидная" adjusts accordingly:

Note: The adjective "щитовидная" changes to match the noun's case and number, as shown. This is a regular pattern for Russian adjectives.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • тиреоидная железа (less common, used in more specialized medical literature; implies a direct transliteration from English)
• Antonyms: None directly applicable, as this is a specific anatomical term without inherent opposites.

Related Phrases:

• заболевания щитовидной железы - Diseases of the thyroid (Used in medical contexts to discuss conditions like hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism).
• гормоны щитовидной железы - Thyroid hormones (Refers to substances like thyroxine produced by the gland).
• диагностика щитовидной железы - Thyroid diagnosis (Common in healthcare discussions involving tests and examinations).

Usage Notes:

This term directly corresponds to the English "thyroid" in medical and anatomical contexts, but it is more descriptive in Russian, emphasizing the gland's protective ("щитовидная" means "shield-like"). It is restricted to formal or professional settings; avoid using in casual conversation. When selecting between translations like "щитовидная железа" and "тиреоидная железа," opt for the former as it is more standard and widely understood. Grammatically, ensure adjectives agree with the noun in case, gender, and number, which is a key feature of Russian syntax.

Common Errors:

• Error: Mispronouncing as [ʂɨtɐˈvʲidnəjə ʐɨˈlezə] without the correct palatalization. Correct: [ʂɨtɐˈvʲidnəjə ʐɨˈlʲezə] – The 'л' in "железа" should be softly palatalized as [lʲ]. Explanation: English speakers often overlook Russian's soft consonants, leading to unnatural pronunciation.

• Error: Failing to decline the noun properly, e.g., using "щитовидная железа" in all cases. Correct: In genitive, say "проблемы щитовидной железы" instead of "проблемы щитовидная железа." Explanation: Russian requires case agreement, and ignoring this can make sentences grammatically incorrect.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian-speaking cultures, discussions about the thyroid often arise in the context of health awareness, particularly in regions like Russia where iodine deficiency (affecting thyroid function) has been historically prevalent due to dietary habits. This can tie into broader public health campaigns, emphasizing preventive care in everyday life.

Related Concepts:

• эндокринная система (endocrine system)
• гормон (hormone)
• гипотериоз (hypothyroidism)