Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'sweatshirt'

English Word: sweatshirt

Key Russian Translations:

• худи [ˈxudɪ] - [Informal, Slang; commonly used in modern, casual contexts]
• спортивная кофта [spɐrˈtʲivnəjə ˈkofʲtə] - [Formal; used in standard or descriptive language]
• футболка с капюшоном [futˈbolʲkə s kɐˈpjuʂonəm] - [Neutral; literal description, often in everyday speech]

Frequency: Medium (This term and its translations appear regularly in casual conversations about clothing, especially in urban or youth contexts, but are not as ubiquitous as basic vocabulary like "shirt").

Difficulty: A2 (Elementary; suitable for beginners as the vocabulary involves simple nouns and everyday items, though pronunciation of loanwords like "худи" may require practice).

Pronunciation (Russian):

худи: [ˈxudɪ] (The "х" is a voiceless velar fricative, similar to the "ch" in Scottish "loch"; stress on the first syllable.)

Note on худи: This is a borrowed word from English, so pronunciation closely mirrors the original, but Russians may soften the vowels. Be mindful of the guttural "х" sound, which can be challenging for non-native speakers.

спортивная кофта: [spɐrˈtʲivnəjə ˈkofʲtə] (Stress on the second syllable of "спортивная" and the first of "кофта"; palatalization is key in "тʲ".)

Note on спортивная кофта: The adjective "спортивная" agrees in gender, number, and case with "кофта," which may affect pronunciation in sentences.

футболка с капюшоном: [futˈbolʲkə s kɐˈpjuʂonəm] (Stress on the second syllable of "футболка" and the second of "капюшоном"; the "ш" in "капюшоном" is a voiceless postalveolar fricative.)

Note on футболка с капюшоном: This phrase is more descriptive; the preposition "с" links the words smoothly, and the genitive case in "капюшоном" adds a slight nasal quality.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Primary Meaning: A loose, warm top with long sleeves, often made of cotton, worn for casual or athletic purposes.

Translation(s) & Context:

• худи - Used in informal settings, such as youth culture or social media, to refer to a hooded sweatshirt.
• спортивная кофта - Employed in more formal or descriptive contexts, like shopping or clothing descriptions, emphasizing the athletic aspect.
• футболка с капюшоном - Common in everyday speech, particularly when specifying a hooded design in casual conversations.

Usage Examples:

• Я купил новое худи для пробежек в парке. (I bought a new sweatshirt for running in the park.)

  Translation: I bought a new sweatshirt for running in the park. (This example shows "худи" in a casual, personal context, highlighting everyday use.)

• Её спортивная кофта идеально подходит для зимних тренировок. (Her sweatshirt is perfect for winter workouts.)

  Translation: Her sweatshirt is perfect for winter workouts. (Here, "спортивная кофта" is used in a formal, descriptive sentence to emphasize functionality.)

• В этой футболке с капюшоном очень удобно гулять по городу. (This sweatshirt with a hood is very comfortable for walking around the city.)

  Translation: This sweatshirt with a hood is very comfortable for walking around the city. (This illustrates "футболка с капюшоном" in a neutral, practical context.)

• Он надел худи, чтобы спрятать лицо от дождя. (He put on the sweatshirt to hide his face from the rain.)

  Translation: He put on the sweatshirt to hide his face from the rain. (Demonstrates "худи" in a situational, informal narrative.)

• Магазин предлагает разные цвета спортивных кофт. (The store offers various colors of sweatshirts.)

  Translation: The store offers various colors of sweatshirts. (Shows "спортивная кофта" in a plural, commercial context.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"худи" is a borrowed noun and typically does not inflect in modern Russian usage, remaining unchanged in most cases (e.g., Nominative: худи; remains the same in plural or other cases due to its status as an unadapted loanword).

For "спортивная кофта," which is a phrase consisting of an adjective and a noun, inflections follow standard Russian grammar rules:

"футболка с капюшоном" follows similar patterns, with "футболка" inflecting as a feminine noun and "капюшоном" in the instrumental case when used in phrases.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • свитер (sweater; more general, often warmer and without a hood)
  • толстовка (pullover; similar but may imply a different style)
  • блузка (blouse; less sporty, used for lighter tops)
• Antonyms:
  • рубашка (shirt; typically more formal and lightweight)
  • пиджак (jacket; outerwear, more structured)

Related Phrases:

• худи с капюшоном (sweatshirt with a hood; a common variation for hooded styles).
• спортивная одежда (sportswear; broader phrase including sweatshirts in athletic contexts).
• надеть худи (to put on a sweatshirt; used for everyday actions).

Usage Notes:

"Худи" is the most informal and modern translation, preferred in youth slang or online discussions, while "спортивная кофта" is better for formal writing or when emphasizing the athletic purpose. Choose based on context: use "футболка с капюшоном" for descriptive accuracy. Note that Russian adjectives must agree in gender, number, and case with the noun, so "спортивная" changes with the sweatshirt's form (e.g., "спортивный свитер" for masculine variants). This vocabulary is neutral in terms of register but leans casual.

Common Errors:

• Mistake: Using "худи" in formal contexts where "спортивная кофта" is more appropriate. Incorrect: В официальном письме: "Я ношу худи на работу." Correct: "Я ношу спортивную кофту на работу." (Explanation: "Худи" sounds too slangy; opt for the standard term to maintain formality.)
• Mistake: Forgetting adjective agreement, e.g., saying "спортивный кофта" instead of "спортивная кофта." Incorrect: "Моя спортивный кофта." Correct: "Моя спортивная кофта." (Explanation: Adjectives in Russian must match the noun's gender—here, feminine.)

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, "худи" has become popular among younger generations due to Western influences, often associated with streetwear and casual fashion. It's commonly seen in urban settings or at events like festivals, reflecting globalization in clothing trends, but it lacks deep historical connotations compared to traditional garments like the "rubashka."

Related Concepts:

• джинсы (jeans)
• кепка (cap)
• спортивные штаны (sports pants)