Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'susceptible'

English Word: susceptible

Key Russian Translations:

• восприимчивый /vɐsprʲɪˈt͡ɕɪvɨj/ - [Adjective, Formal, Used in scientific or medical contexts]
• уязвимый /uˈjazvlʲɪmɨj/ - [Adjective, Informal, Used in everyday or metaphorical contexts]

Frequency: Medium (Common in technical and health-related discussions, but not in casual conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of adjective forms and nuanced vocabulary; for 'восприимчивый', it's B2, while 'уязвимый' is A2-B1)

Pronunciation (Russian):

восприимчивый: /vɐsprʲɪˈt͡ɕɪvɨj/

уязвимый: /uˈjazvlʲɪmɨj/

Note on восприимчивый: The stress is on the third syllable ('t͡ɕɪ'), which can be tricky for English speakers due to the soft 'r' and palatalized consonants; a common variant in fast speech might slightly alter the vowel sounds.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Capable of being affected or influenced, especially in a medical or emotional sense

Translation(s) & Context:

• восприимчивый - Used in formal contexts like health or psychology, implying vulnerability to external factors.
• уязвимый - Used in informal or metaphorical contexts, such as describing emotional weakness.

Usage Examples:

• Этот ребенок очень восприимчив к простудным заболеваниям.

  This child is very susceptible to colds.

• Восприимчивый организм может быстро отреагировать на аллергены.

  A susceptible organism can quickly react to allergens.

• Она уязвима в эмоциональном плане после развода.

  She is susceptible in an emotional way after the divorce.

• Уязвимые системы в компьютере нуждаются в обновлении.

  Susceptible systems in the computer need updating.

Meaning 2: Open to persuasion or influence

Translation(s) & Context:

• восприимчивый - Applied in educational or persuasive scenarios, emphasizing receptivity.

Usage Examples:

• Студенты в этом возрасте более восприимчивы к новым идеям.

  Students at this age are more susceptible to new ideas.

• Восприимчивый слушатель может изменить свое мнение после дебатов.

  A susceptible listener can change their opinion after debates.

• Он восприимчив к рекламе, поэтому часто покупает ненужные вещи.

  He is susceptible to advertising, so he often buys unnecessary things.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'восприимчивый' and 'уязвимый' are adjectives in Russian, which typically follow patterns of short and long forms, and agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify. They are regular adjectives without irregular inflections.

These adjectives do not change in invariable contexts, such as when used predicatively without agreement.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • чувствительный (sensitive; often used interchangeably with 'восприимчивый' in emotional contexts, but more general)
  • подверженный (prone; implies a higher degree of inevitability)
• Antonyms:
  • устойчивый (resistant; applies to 'восприимчивый' in medical contexts)
  • неуязвимый (invulnerable; direct opposite of 'уязвимый')

Related Phrases:

• Восприимчивый к инфекциям - Susceptible to infections (Used in health discussions to indicate vulnerability.)
• Уязвимая точка - Weak point (A common metaphorical phrase in strategy or personal development.)
• Быть восприимчивым к влиянию - To be susceptible to influence (Emphasizes openness in social or psychological contexts.)

Usage Notes:

'Susceptible' directly corresponds to 'восприимчивый' in formal English-Russian translations, especially in scientific fields, while 'уязвимый' is better for everyday or metaphorical uses. Always consider the context: use 'восприимчивый' for physical or biological susceptibility and 'уязвимый' for emotional or security-related scenarios. Grammatically, these adjectives must agree with the noun in gender, number, and case, which is a key difference from English. When choosing between translations, opt for 'восприимчивый' in academic writing and 'уязвимый' in informal speech to match the appropriate register.

Common Errors:

• Mistake: Using 'восприимчивый' in informal contexts where 'уязвимый' is more natural, e.g., saying "Он восприимчивый к критике" instead of "Он уязвимый к критике".
  Correct: "Он уязвимый к критике" (He is susceptible to criticism). Explanation: 'Восприимчивый' implies a more passive receptivity, while 'уязвимый' conveys vulnerability, making it idiomatically better here.
• Mistake: Forgetting adjective agreement, e.g., saying "восприимчивый женщина" instead of "восприимчивая женщина".
  Correct: "восприимчивая женщина" (susceptible woman). Explanation: Russian adjectives must match the noun's gender; this is a common oversight for English speakers used to invariable adjectives.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like 'уязвимый' often carry a connotation of emotional fragility, which is frequently explored in literature (e.g., in works by Tolstoy). This reflects a cultural emphasis on introspection and vulnerability in personal relationships, contrasting with more stoic portrayals in some Western contexts.

Related Concepts:

• устойчивость (resilience)
• влияние (influence)
• защита (protection)