Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'surgeon'

English Word: surgeon

Key Russian Translations:

• хирург [xɪˈruɾk] - [Formal]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in medical and professional contexts, but not in everyday casual conversation)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires basic understanding of Russian nouns and medical vocabulary)

Pronunciation (Russian):

хирург: [xɪˈruɾk]

Note on хирург: The initial 'х' is a voiceless velar fricative, similar to the 'ch' in Scottish "loch." Stress falls on the second syllable, which can be challenging for beginners.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. A medical professional specializing in surgical operations.

Translation(s) & Context:

• хирург - Used in formal medical, hospital, or professional settings to refer to a doctor who performs surgery.

Usage Examples:

• Он — опытный хирург в государственной клинике.

  He is an experienced surgeon in a public clinic.

• Хирург успешно провёл операцию на сердце.

  The surgeon successfully performed heart surgery.

• Моя сестра хочет стать хирургом и учится в медицинском университете.

  My sister wants to become a surgeon and is studying at a medical university.

• В военном госпитале работает команда квалифицированных хирургов.

  In the military hospital, there is a team of qualified surgeons.

• Хирург объяснил пациенту риски предстоящей процедуры.

  The surgeon explained the risks of the upcoming procedure to the patient.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Хирург" is a masculine noun (second declension) in Russian. It follows standard patterns for Russian nouns but has no irregularities. Below is a table of its declensions:

Note: As a common noun, it does not change in the plural form for animate objects in accusative, but follows standard rules otherwise.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Врач-хирург (doctor-surgeon; emphasizes the medical qualification)
  • Оператор (operator; used in specific surgical contexts, but less common)
• Antonyms:
  • Терапевт (therapist; a non-surgical medical doctor)
  • Педиатр (pediatrician; focuses on children and non-surgical care)

Related Phrases:

• Операционный хирург (Operating surgeon) - Refers to a surgeon actively performing operations in an operating room.
• Хирургическая бригада (Surgical team) - A group of medical professionals including surgeons for complex procedures.
• Детский хирург (Pediatric surgeon) - A surgeon specializing in children’s surgery; highlights subspecialties.

Usage Notes:

"Хирург" directly corresponds to the English "surgeon" in professional contexts and is the standard term in Russian medical vocabulary. It is typically used in formal settings, such as hospitals or academic discussions. Be aware of gender agreement in Russian sentences; for example, adjectives and verbs must agree with the noun's gender. When choosing between translations, "хирург" is the most precise and common, but "врач-хирург" adds emphasis on the doctor's role. Avoid using it in casual conversation unless discussing medical topics.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "хирург" without proper case agreement, e.g., saying "Я видел хирург" instead of "Я видел хирурга" (accusative case).

  Correct: Я видел хирурга. (Explanation: In Russian, direct objects require the accusative case.)

• Error: Confusing it with "терапевт," leading to misuse in contexts like "He is a surgeon" translated as "Он терапевт."

  Correct: Он хирург. (Explanation: "Терапевт" means a general practitioner, not a surgeon.)

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, surgeons like "хирург" are highly respected figures in the medical field, often portrayed in literature and media as heroic or dedicated professionals, such as in works by Anton Chekhov. The role emphasizes precision and endurance, reflecting broader cultural values of resilience in healthcare, especially in Russia's history of medical advancements during wartime.

Related Concepts:

• Анестезиолог (Anesthesiologist)
• Медсестра (Nurse)
• Операция (Operation)