Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'supine'

English Word: supine

Key Russian Translations:

• супинный [suˈpʲinːɨj] - [Formal, Medical/Anatomical]
• лежащий на спине [lʲeˈʐaʂɨj na ˈspʲinʲe] - [Informal, Everyday Language]

Frequency: Low (This term is specialized and not commonly used in everyday conversation, primarily in medical or scientific contexts.)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires familiarity with anatomical vocabulary, but not overly complex for learners with a solid intermediate grasp of Russian grammar and lexicon.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

супинный: [suˈpʲinːɨj]

лежащий на спине: [lʲeˈʐaʂɨj na ˈspʲinʲe]

Note on супинный: The stress falls on the second syllable; the 'пʲ' sound is a palatalized 'p', which can be challenging for English speakers—practice with native audio to master the soft consonant.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Lying on one's back (Anatomical position, facing upward)

Translation(s) & Context:

• супинный - Used in formal medical or anatomical discussions, such as in hospitals or scientific texts.
• лежащий на спине - Applied in informal contexts, like everyday descriptions or non-technical writing.

Usage Examples:

• Врачи рекомендуют супинное положение для восстановления после операции.

  Doctors recommend the supine position for recovery after surgery.

• Пациент был размещен в лежащем на спине положении во время обследования.

  The patient was placed in a lying on the back position during the examination.

• В йоге супинная поза помогает расслабить мышцы спины.

  In yoga, the supine pose helps to relax the back muscles.

• Ребенок уснул в лежащем на спине положении на кровати.

  The child fell asleep in a lying on the back position on the bed.

• Супинный угол тела влияет на кровообращение, как объясняют анатомы.

  The supine angle of the body affects blood circulation, as explained by anatomists.

Meaning 2: (Less common) Submissive or passive attitude (Figurative use, though rare in Russian)

Translation(s) & Context:

• супинный (in a metaphorical sense) - Rarely used; typically in psychological or literary contexts to imply passivity.

Usage Examples:

• Его супинное поведение в переговорах привело к поражению.

  His supine behavior in negotiations led to defeat.

• В литературе супинный герой часто символизирует слабость.

  In literature, a supine character often symbolizes weakness.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both primary translations are adjectives or phrases, so their inflections follow standard Russian adjective rules. 'Супинный' is a regular adjective and inflects based on gender, number, and case. 'Лежащий на спине' is a phrase where 'лежащий' inflects as an adjective, while 'на спине' remains relatively fixed.

For 'лежащий на спине', 'лежащий' inflects similarly: лежащего (Genitive), etc., but the full phrase is often used invariantly in context.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • спинальный (spinal; more specific to back-related positions)
  • горизонтальный (horizontal; broader, but can imply supine in context)
• Antonyms:
  • пронаторный (prone; lying face down)
  • вертикальный (vertical; upright position)

Note: 'Спинальный' is often used interchangeably with 'супинный' in medical texts but may emphasize the spinal aspect more.

Related Phrases:

• Супинная позиция - Refers to the supine position in anatomy or medicine.
• Лежать на спине - To lie on one's back; a common everyday phrase.
• Супинный угол - The supine angle; used in ergonomic or physical therapy contexts.

Usage Notes:

'Supine' in English corresponds most directly to 'супинный' in Russian for anatomical contexts, but English speakers should note that Russian often uses descriptive phrases like 'лежащий на спине' in informal settings. Always consider the context: formal vs. informal. For example, in medical writing, 'супинный' is preferred, but in casual conversation, the phrase form is more natural. When choosing between translations, opt for 'супинный' if precision is needed, as it directly mirrors the English term. Grammatically, ensure adjectives agree in gender, number, and case with the noun they modify.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'супинный' as an invariant word without inflection. Correct: Always inflect it, e.g., don't say 'супинный позиция' (wrong); say 'супинная позиция' for feminine nouns. Example of error: "Пациент в супинный" (incorrect). Correct: "Пациент в супинном положении" (The patient in supine position).

• Error: Confusing with 'пронаторный' (prone). Learners might mix up positions; remember, 'супинный' means face-up, not face-down. Example of error: "Лежащий супинный" when meaning prone. Correct: Use 'пронаторный' for face-down.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian medical and cultural contexts, terms like 'супинный' are heavily influenced by Western anatomical traditions, often derived from Latin roots similar to English. However, in everyday Russian culture, people might not use this term frequently, opting for simpler descriptions, reflecting a practical approach to language in non-technical settings.

Related Concepts:

• пронаторный
• анатомическая позиция
• спинальный