Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'sumptuous'

English Word: sumptuous

Key Russian Translations:

• роскошный [rɐˈskɔʂnɨj] - [Formal, Adjective]
• изысканный [ɪzɨˈskannɨj] - [Formal, Often implies elegance rather than sheer luxury]
• пышный [ˈpɨʂnɨj] - [Informal, Emphasizes abundance, e.g., in food or decor]

Frequency: Medium - Commonly used in literature, formal descriptions, and everyday contexts involving luxury, but not as frequent as basic adjectives.

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate) - Involves understanding adjective inflections and contextual nuances; for "роскошный" and "изысканный", it's B1, while "пышный" might be A2 for simpler uses.

Pronunciation (Russian):

роскошный: [rɐˈskɔʂnɨj] - The stress is on the second syllable; the 'ш' sound is a soft, palatalized 'sh'.

изысканный: [ɪzɨˈskannɨj] - Stress on the third syllable; note the soft 'н' at the end.

пышный: [ˈpɨʂnɨj] - Stress on the first syllable; the 'ы' vowel is a central, unrounded sound common in Russian.

Note on роскошный: Be cautious with the 'щ' sound, which can be tricky for English speakers as it's a single phoneme, not 'sh-ch'.

Note on изысканный: This word often has a more refined connotation; pronunciation may vary slightly in fast speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Luxurious or splendid, often describing something rich, extravagant, or opulent (e.g., a meal, event, or decor)

Translation(s) & Context:

• роскошный - Used in formal or descriptive contexts, such as describing high-end events or possessions.
• изысканный - Applied when emphasizing refinement and taste, e.g., in art or cuisine.
• пышный - More casual, often for abundant or lavish displays, like a feast.

Usage Examples:

• Они организовали роскошный банкет в старом замке. (They organized a sumptuous banquet in the old castle.)

  They organized a sumptuous banquet in the old castle. (Shows formal event description.)

• Её платье было изысканным, с роскошными вышивками. (Her dress was sumptuous, with elegant embroidery.)

  Her dress was sumptuous, with elegant embroidery. (Illustrates use in fashion context.)

• Пышный ужин включал множество блюд из свежих продуктов. (The sumptuous dinner included a variety of dishes made from fresh ingredients.)

  The sumptuous dinner included a variety of dishes made from fresh ingredients. (Demonstrates abundance in casual settings.)

• В отеле нас ждал роскошный номер с видом на море. (We were greeted with a sumptuous room overlooking the sea at the hotel.)

  We were greeted with a sumptuous room overlooking the sea at the hotel. (Context of travel and luxury.)

• Изысканный дизайн интерьера сделал дом роскошным и уютным. (The sumptuous design of the interior made the house elegant and cozy.)

  The sumptuous design of the interior made the house elegant and cozy. (Combines translations for nuanced description.)

Meaning 2: Abundant or lavish in a sensory way, e.g., rich in flavor or detail

Translation(s) & Context:

• пышный - Common in culinary contexts, emphasizing fullness or richness.
• роскошный - Used metaphorically for sensory experiences.

Usage Examples:

• Пышный торт был украшен фруктами и кремом. (The sumptuous cake was decorated with fruits and cream.)

  The sumptuous cake was decorated with fruits and cream. (Focuses on abundance in food.)

• Роскошный аромат кофе разнёсся по комнате. (The sumptuous aroma of coffee filled the room.)

  The sumptuous aroma of coffee filled the room. (Sensory application.)

• Изысканный вкус вина дополнил роскошный ужин. (The sumptuous taste of the wine complemented the elegant dinner.)

  The sumptuous taste of the wine complemented the elegant dinner. (Blends translations.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

All key translations are adjectives, which inflect based on gender, number, and case in Russian. They follow standard first-declension adjective patterns, with some irregularities in spelling.

These adjectives are regular but require agreement with the noun they modify. No significant irregularities for these words.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • богатый (wealthy/rich) - More about material wealth, less about splendor.
  • шикарный (chic) - Informal, often used for modern luxury.
• Antonyms:
  • скромный (modest) - Implies simplicity and lack of extravagance.
  • бедный (poor) - Focuses on lack of resources.

Related Phrases:

• роскошная жизнь - A sumptuous life; refers to a lavish lifestyle, often with connotations of excess.
• изысканный ужин - A sumptuous dinner; used for elegant meals in social settings.
• пышный праздник - A sumptuous celebration; implies a festive, abundant event, common in Russian holidays.

Usage Notes:

"Роскошный" directly corresponds to "sumptuous" in formal English contexts, emphasizing visual or material opulence, while "изысканный" is better for refined elegance. Choose based on context: use "пышный" for abundance in informal speech. These adjectives must agree in gender, number, and case with the noun they describe, which is a key grammatical feature in Russian. For example, avoid using them in plural forms incorrectly. English learners should note that Russian often pairs these with cultural elements, like in descriptions of feasts during holidays.

Common Errors:

• Mistake: Using "роскошный" interchangeably with "богатый" without considering nuance. Incorrect: "Богатый банкет" (implies financially rich, not necessarily luxurious). Correct: "Роскошный банкет" for a sumptuous event. Explanation: "Богатый" focuses on wealth, not sensory appeal.
• Mistake: Forgetting adjective agreement, e.g., saying "роскошный домa" instead of "роскошного дома" in genitive case. Incorrect: "Я видел роскошный домa." Correct: "Я видел роскошный дом." Explanation: Adjectives must match the noun's case for grammatical accuracy.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like "роскошный" often evoke images of historical opulence, such as imperial banquets or modern luxury in cities like Moscow. They can carry a subtle irony in literature, reflecting the contrast between Russia's lavish traditions and everyday realities, as seen in works by authors like Tolstoy.

Related Concepts:

• богатый
• шикарный
• праздничный