Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'sulfuric'

English Word: sulfuric

Key Russian Translations:

• серный [ˈsʲɛrnɨj] - [Formal, Scientific]

Frequency: Low (Primarily used in specialized scientific or chemical contexts, not in everyday conversation.)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate, as it requires familiarity with chemical terminology and basic Russian adjective declensions.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

серный: [ˈsʲɛrnɨj]

Note on серный: The stress falls on the first syllable; the "ы" sound can be challenging for English speakers, similar to the "i" in "bit" but with a more centralized tongue position. Variations in pronunciation may occur in regional dialects.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning: Relating to sulfur, especially in the context of sulfuric acid or compounds containing sulfur.

Translation(s) & Context:

• серный - Used in formal scientific and chemical discussions, such as describing sulfuric acid or sulfur-based substances. Context: Technical writing, chemistry classes, or industrial applications.

Usage Examples:

• Серная кислота является одним из самых важных промышленных реагентов.

  Sulfuric acid is one of the most important industrial reagents.

• Серный компонент в этой смеси делает её высоко коррозионной.

  The sulfuric component in this mixture makes it highly corrosive.

• В химических экспериментах серный газ часто выделяется в процессе реакции.

  In chemical experiments, sulfuric gas is often released during the reaction.

• Серные соединения используются для производства удобрений.

  Sulfuric compounds are used for producing fertilizers.

• Этот серный раствор требует особой осторожности при хранении.

  This sulfuric solution requires special caution when storing.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Серный" is an adjective in Russian, which means it undergoes regular declension based on gender, number, and case. It follows the standard pattern for adjectives ending in -ый. Below is a table outlining its key forms:

Note: This is a regular adjective, so it changes predictably. If the word is used in compounds (e.g., "серная кислота"), the inflection applies to the full phrase as needed.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • сульфатный (sulfuric, specifically relating to sulfates; subtle difference: more precise for sulfate compounds)
  • сероватый (sulfurous, with a connotation of sulfur-like odor or appearance; used in less formal contexts)
• Antonyms:
  • несерный (non-sulfuric; implies absence of sulfur content)

Related Phrases:

• Серная кислота - A common phrase meaning "sulfuric acid"; used in chemical and industrial contexts to refer to H2SO4.
• Серные соединения - Meaning "sulfuric compounds"; refers to chemicals containing sulfur, often in manufacturing.
• Серный дым - Translates to "sulfuric fumes"; used to describe hazardous vapors in labs or factories, with a warning connotation.

Usage Notes:

This translation corresponds directly to the English "sulfuric" in chemical contexts, emphasizing compounds or acids involving sulfur. It is primarily formal and restricted to scientific, educational, or technical settings—avoid using it in casual conversation. When choosing between translations like "серный" and "сульфатный," opt for "серный" for general sulfuric references and "сульфатный" for sulfate-specific ones. Grammatically, always ensure proper adjective agreement with the noun it modifies in gender, number, and case.

• In sentences, "серный" often precedes the noun, e.g., "серный процесс" for "sulfuric process."
• Be cautious of regional variations; in some contexts, it may imply environmental hazards due to sulfur emissions.

Common Errors:

English learners often confuse "серный" with "серовый" (meaning "grayish" or unrelated to sulfur), leading to incorrect usage in chemical descriptions. For example:

• Error: Using "серовый газ" to mean "sulfuric gas" (which actually means "grayish gas").
• Correct: "Серный газ" for "sulfuric gas." Explanation: "Серный" specifically denotes sulfur content, while "серовый" refers to color, so always check the context to avoid misleading translations.
• Another common mistake is forgetting adjective declension, e.g., saying "серный кислота" instead of "серная кислота." Correct form: Ensure gender agreement, as in the feminine form for "кислота."

Cultural Notes:

While "серный" is a scientific term without strong cultural connotations, it is often associated with Russia's industrial history, particularly in regions like the Urals where sulfuric acid production played a key role in 20th-century manufacturing. This reflects broader themes in Russian culture of resource extraction and chemical innovation, but it doesn't carry idiomatic or symbolic meanings in everyday language.

Related Concepts:

• сульфат
• кислота
• сера
• химическая реакция